An overview of toxicity of trichothecene mycotoxins, T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol: Involvements of their oxidative stress and apoptosis effects
2016
Tsubone, H. (The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo (Japan). Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Research Center for Food Safety) | Hanafusa, M.
Toxic effects of trichothecene mycotoxins, mainly of T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol (DON), were reviewed in the present study. These toxins exhibit a wide range of toxicity as acute and chronic effects on morphology and function in living bodies or cells. Most studies have reported the concentration- or dose-dependent disorders in cells and/or organs exposed to T-2 toxin or DON. In a number of studies the apoptotic changes in various organs or cell lines were recognized in vivo or in vitro studies, and the oxidative stress has been noticed as an important factor to cause the apoptosis. The most feasible pathways such as a ribosome-MAPK (JNK/p38), primary DNA damage, and death receptor/caspase-8 pathway has been proposed as triggering mechanisms to elicit the apoptotic alterations due to these mycotoxins.
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