PEGADA HÍDRICA DO SISTEMA DE ABASTECIMENTO DE ÁGUA DO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO CARLOS – SP

Английский. Sanitation systems are among the main interconnectors between water and society. It is noticeable that the greater the understanding of the water resource within the system, the better the management. Following this dialectic, it is known that water consumption goes beyond what is actually calculated and can also be analyzed by the virtual water aspect. Therefore, the objective of this work is to present an analysis of the virtual water of the water supply system in the municipality of São Carlos in the state of São Paulo. Therefore, the estimate of virtual water for urban water supply was calculated according to the Water Footprint Manual. Using data from average water flows treated and distributed by the two water treatment units provided by SAAE-São Carlos, the evaporated water volume was then calculated using the Penman method. After accounting, it turned out that the water footprint of the supply system was estimated at 22,860,960.64 m³ per year, which represents a ratio of 1.44 between virtual water and real water, so that evaporation contributed to 2,320.0 m³ per year and distribution losses represented 7,795,587.57 m³ / year of virtual water.   Keywords: Water Footprint; Sanitation Systems; Virtual Water.  

португальский. PEGADA HÍDRICA DO SISTEMA DE ABASTECIMENTO DE ÁGUA DO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO CARLOS – SP   DAIANE FERREIRA CAMPOS1   [1] Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Hidráulica e Saneamento, Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos / Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trab. São Carlense, 400 - Centro, CEP 13566-590, São Carlos – SP, Brasil, email: daianecampos.eng@gmail.com     1 RESUMO    Os sistemas de saneamento estão entre os principais interconectores entre água e sociedade. Sendo perceptível que quanto maior a compreensão do recurso hídrico dentro do sistema, melhor será o gerenciamento. Seguindo esta dialética, sabe-se que o consumo de água vai além do que realmente é calculado, podendo ser analisado também, pela vertente de água virtual. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma análise da água virtual do sistema de abastecimento de água do município de São Carlos no estado de São Paulo. Logo, a estimativa de água virtual do abastecimento urbano de água foi calculada segundo o Manual de Pegada Hídrica. Sendo utilizado os dados de vazões médias de água tratada e distribuída pelas duas unidades de tratamento de água disponibilizados pelo SAAE (Sistema Autônomo de Água e Esgoto) do município de São Carlos, em seguida foi calculado o volume de água evaporado pelo método de Penman. Após contabilizar, resultou que a pegada hídrica do sistema de abastecimento foi estimada em 22.860.960,64 m³ por ano, o que representa uma razão de 1,44 m³ entre a água virtual e a água real, de maneira que, a evaporação contribuiu com 2.320,0 m³ por ano e as perdas de distribuição representaram 7.795.587,57 m³/ano de água virtual.   Palavras-chave: Pegada Hídrica; Sistemas de Saneamento; Água Virtual.     CAMPOS, D. F. WATER FOOTPRINT OF THE WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM OF SÃO CARLOS - SP     2 ABSTRACT   Sanitation systems are among the main interconnectors between water and society. It is noticeable that the greater the understanding of the water resource within the system, the better the management. Following this dialectic, water consumption goes beyond what is actually calculated and can also be analyzed by the virtual water aspect. Therefore, this work aims to present an analysis of the virtual water of the water supply system in the municipality of São Carlos in the state of São Paulo. Therefore, the estimate of virtual water for urban water supply was calculated according to the Water Footprint Manual. Using data from average water flows treated and distributed by the two water treatment units provided by SAAE-São Carlos, the evaporated water volume was then calculated using the Penman method. After accounting, it turned out that the water footprint of the supply system was estimated at 22,860,960.64 m³ per year, which represents a ratio of 1.44 between virtual water and real water, so that evaporation contributed to 2,320.0 m³ per year and distribution losses represented 7,795,587.57 m³/year of virtual water.   Keywords: Water Footprint; Sanitation Systems; Virtual Water.