Effects of Cellulase and <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> on Chemical Composition, Fermentation Characteristics, and Bacterial Community of <i>Pennisetum giganteum</i> z.x.lin Silage
Zhili Wu | Xiongfei Zhang | Rongnuo Li | Jingtao Hui | Lu Deng | Inho Kim | Jie Wei | Junhu Yao | Xinjian Lei
In order to explore the effects of additives on the chemical composition, fermentation characteristics, and bacterial community of <i>Pennisetum giganteum</i> z.x.lin silage, <i>Pennisetum giganteum</i> z.x.lin was ensiled with no additives (CON), cellulase (CE), <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> (LP), or the combination of cellulase and <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> (LPCE) at room temperature for 60 days, respectively. The results indicated that LPCE had the highest dry matter (DM) content. Compared with CON, LP exhibited higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) levels of water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC), crude protein (CP), and lactic acid (LA), along with a higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) ratio of LA/acetic acid (AA). Meanwhile, silage inoculated with cellulase (CE and LPCE) showed lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) contents of acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) than CON. Furthermore, additive treatments improved the bacterial community composition of silage, and <i>Lactobacillus</i> was abundant in LPCE (LDA score > 4.0). Compared with CE and LP, LPCE more effectively promoted the transformation of microbial functions, resulting in an upregulated (<i>p</i> < 0.05) carbohydrate metabolism and a downregulated (<i>p</i> < 0.05) membrane transport. In conclusion, cellulase or <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> improved the silage quality of <i>Pennisetum giganteum</i> z.x.lin by reducing the fiber content or enhancing LA fermentation, and their combination exhibited a powerful ability to establish a bacterial community dominated by <i>Lactobacillus</i>, which facilitated the production of high-quality silage.
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