Environmental and human health impacts of cruise tourism: A review

13 pages, 4 figures, supplementary data https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112979

The intensive growth of cruise tourism worldwide during recent decades is leading to growing concerns over the sector's global environmental and health impacts. This review combines for the first time various sources of information to estimate the magnitude of the cruise industry's environmental and public health footprints. This research shows that cruising, despite technical advances and some surveillance programmes, remains a major source of air, water (fresh and marine) and land pollution affecting fragile habitats, areas and species, and a potential source of physical and mental human health risks. Health risks impact both the people on board (crew and passengers) and on land (workers of shipyards where cruise ships are dismantled and citizens inhabiting cities with cruise ports and shipyards). In this context, we argue that the cruise industry should be held accountable with more monitoring and regulation to prevent or minimize the growing negative environmental and human health impacts

This research supported in part by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grants 774567 [H2020 SOPHIE Project] and 666773 [H2020 BlueHealth Project]); the UK Natural Environment Research Council and the UK Research and Innovation's Global Challenges Research Fund for the Blue Communities Project; and the Blue Climate Initiative Health and Wellbeing Subgroup https://www.blueclimateinitiative.org

Peer reviewed