Selenium Yeast Alleviates <i>Escherichia coli</i>-Induced Endometritis in Goats Under High Cortisol Background
Changning Yuan | Hanqing Li | Min Zhang | Zhihao Wang | Junsheng Dong | Luying Cui | Long Guo | Kangjun Liu | Jianji Li | Heng Wang
During the postpartum period, domestic ruminants suffer elevated endogenous cortisol levels, which are associated with an increased risk of uterine infections. Selenium is a trace mineral nutrient with beneficial impacts on animals. The study aimed to investigate whether selenium yeast (SeY) could attenuate <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>)-induced endometrial injury in goats with high cortisol background. Goats were examined after oral SeY administration for 21 days and were treated with glacial acetic acid, <i>E. coli</i>, and hydrocortisone to establish an endometritis model with high cortisol background. The results showed that endometrial injury caused by <i>E. coli</i> was aggravated under high cortisol background. Supplementation with SeY alleviated endometrial inflammation and serum LDH content. The mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and defensin beta 2 and the phosphorylation level of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa-b (NF-κB) signaling pathways were decreased by SeY supplementation. Total antioxidant capacity and antioxidant enzymes activities were increased by SeY supplementation, but malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal content were decreased. Moreover, nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (NRF2) in the nucleus, heme oxygenase-1, and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 were increased by SeY supplementation. So, supplementation with SeY alleviated <i>E. coli</i>-induced endometritis in goats by activating the NRF2 pathway and inhibiting the activation of the MAPK and NF-κB pathways under postpartum stress.
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