Biovalorization of <i>Astragalus membranaceus</i> var. <i>mongholicus</i> Stems by White Rot Fungi Under Solid-State Fermentation as Ruminant Feed
Yu-Qiong Wang | Li-Long Luo | Li-Ming Chen | Chang-Long Gou
The value-added effect of white rot fungi on the feed of <i>Astragalus membranaceus</i> var. <i>mongholicus</i> (AMM) stems was explored. All four types of white rot fungi (<i>Lentinus sajor-caju</i>, <i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i>, <i>Lentinula edodes</i>, and <i>Phanerodontia chrysosporium</i>) reduced the lignocellulose content in AMM stems, improved in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), and influenced the activity of lignocellulose-degrading enzymes. <i>Lentinus sajor-caju</i> and <i>Phanerodontia chrysosporium</i> exhibited superior effects on lignin degradation and IVDMD and significantly altered non-volatile metabolites and antioxidant capacity. <i>Lentinus sajor-caju</i> fermentation resulted in the strongest antioxidant activity compared to that in the other fungal treatments. The fold change (FC) ratio (>100) of sakuranetin, 2′,6′-Di-O-acetylononin, isoformononetin, and artocarpin was compared between <i>Lentinus sajor-caju</i> and <i>Phanerodontia chrysosporium</i>. Among the phenolic compounds, flavonoids play a key role in antioxidant activity, with 5,6-Dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone showing a strong correlation with antioxidant activity. This study provides valuable insights for utilizing AMM stem waste in the context of traditional Chinese medicine.
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