Bioecología del parasitoide Oòfago como agente de control biológico de Oebalus insularis Stal, 1872 (Hem: Pentatomidae) en el cultivo de arroz Oryza sativa L.

Rice (O. sativa) is one of the most important crops worldwide; however, its production is affected by various pests, including O. insularis, which feeds on developing grains, reducing yield and quality. The present study aimed to analyze the bioecology of the oophagous parasitoid as a biological control agent of O. insularis in O. sativa rice crops in the Babahoyo canton of Los Ríos. For this research, at least 20 female parasitoids were used, separated into feeding and non-feeding groups. In this context, the Telenomus parasitoid was identified as a biological control agent. The feeding Telenomus sp. parasitoids had a mean pre-oviposition time of 1.45 ± 0.85 days, and the non-feeding ones had a mean pre-oviposition time of 1.41 ± 0.5 days. The mean oviposition for parasitoids with feeding was 1.59 ± 0.94 days of oviposition and without feeding it registered an average of 1.00 ± 0.00 days of oviposition. The longevity of Telenomus sp. parasitoids with feeding obtained an average longevity of 5.15 ± 3.15 days of longevity and without feeding an average of 2.18 ± 1.38 days of longevity, there being a difference between the parasitoids with feeding. It is concluded that it is very likely that the nectar secreted by the flowers lengthens the life of the oophagous Telenomus sp. parasitoids. The food that was provided to the parasitoids, such as honey provides sugars such as sucrose, glucose and fructose may contribute to the longevity of Telenomus sp. parasitoids. The incubation of oophagous parasitoids with food provided resulted in a mean incubation time of 12.67 ± 2.47 days, and without food, a mean incubation time of 12.02 ± 0.80 days. The natural parasitism rate determined that O. insularis oviposited at a mean height of 81.89 ± 16.60 cm, with a preference for the underside of the leaf in 80% and the upper surface in 20% of 12 clutches (n = 165 eggs). 50% were parasitized by Telenomus sp. (n = 82 eggs).

Rice (O. sativa) is one of the most important crops worldwide; however, its production is affected by various pests, including O. insularis, which feeds on developing grains, reducing yield and quality. The present study aimed to analyze the bioecology of the oophagous parasitoid as a biological control agent of O. insularis in O. sativa rice crops in the Babahoyo canton of Los Ríos. For this research, at least 20 female parasitoids were used, separated into feeding and non-feeding groups. In this context, the Telenomus parasitoid was identified as a biological control agent. The feeding Telenomus sp. parasitoids had a mean pre-oviposition time of 1.45 ± 0.85 days, and the non-feeding ones had a mean pre-oviposition time of 1.41 ± 0.5 days. The mean oviposition for parasitoids with feeding was 1.59 ± 0.94 days of oviposition and without feeding it registered an average of 1.00 ± 0.00 days of oviposition. The longevity of Telenomus sp. parasitoids with feeding obtained an average longevity of 5.15 ± 3.15 days of longevity and without feeding an average of 2.18 ± 1.38 days of longevity, there being a difference between the parasitoids with feeding. It is concluded that it is very likely that the nectar secreted by the flowers lengthens the life of the oophagous Telenomus sp. parasitoids. The food that was provided to the parasitoids, such as honey provides sugars such as sucrose, glucose and fructose may contribute to the longevity of Telenomus sp. parasitoids. The incubation of oophagous parasitoids with food provided resulted in a mean incubation time of 12.67 ± 2.47 days, and without food, a mean incubation time of 12.02 ± 0.80 days. The natural parasitism rate determined that O. insularis oviposited at a mean height of 81.89 ± 16.60 cm, with a preference for the underside of the leaf in 80% and the upper surface in 20% of 12 clutches (n = 165 eggs). 50% were parasitized by Telenomus sp. (n = 82 eggs).

El arroz O. sativa es uno de los cultivos de mayor importancia a nivel mundial, sin embrago su producción se ve afectada por diversas plagas, entre ellas O. insularis, que se alimenta de los granos en formación, reduciendo el rendimiento y la calidad. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la bioecología del parasitoide oòfago como agente de control biológico de O. insularis en el cultivo de arroz O. sativa en el cantón Babahoyo, Los Ríos. Para el desarrollo de esta investigación se trabajó con al menos una población de 20 parasitoides hembras, separados por grupos con alimentación y sin alimentación. En este contexto, se identificó al parasitoide del género Telenomus como agente de control biológico. Los parasitoides Telenomus sp. con alimentación tuvieron una media de pre-oviposición de 1.45 ± 0.85 días de pre-oviposición y sin alimentación con una media de 1.41 ± 0.5 días de pre-oviposición. La media de oviposición para parasitoides con alimentación fue de 1.59 ± 0.94 días de oviposición y sin alimentación registro una media de 1.00 ± 0.00 días de oviposición. La longevidad de parasitoides Telenomus sp. con alimentación obtuvo una longevidad media de 5.15 ± 3.15 días de longevidad y sin alimentación una media de 2.18 ± 1.38 días de longevidad, existiendo una diferencia entre los parasitoides con alimentación. Se concluye que es muy probable que el néctar que segregan las flores alarga la vida de los parasitoides oófagos Telenomus sp. La alimentación que se le proporcionó a los parasitoides como la miel brinda azúcares como sacarosa, glucosa y fructosa puede contribuir la longevidad de los parasitoides Telenomus sp. La incubación de los parasitoides oófagos donde se les proporcionó alimentación obtuvo una incubación media de 12.67 ± 2.47 días de incubación y sin alimentación una media de 12.02 ± 0.80 días de incubación. La tasa de parasitismo natural determinó que O. insularis oviposita a una altura media de 81.89 ± 16.60 cm, teniendo como preferencia el envés de la hoja en un 80 % y el haz un 20 % de 12 posturas (n=165 huevos), el 50 % estaban parasitadas por Telenomus sp. (n=82 huevos).