Differences in the experience of cultural ecosystem services in mountain protected areas by clusters of visitors
Felipe‐lucia, Maria, R | de Frutos, Ángel | Crouzat, Emilie | Grescho, Volker | Heuschele, Jonna, M | Marselle, Melissa | Heurich, Marco | Pöpperl, Franziska | Porst, Florian | Portela, Ana, Paula | Rossi, Christian | Carvalho-Santos, Claudia | Stritih, Ana | Vaz, Ana, Sofia | Bonn, Aletta | Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologìa = Pyrenean Institute of Ecology [Zaragoza] (IPE - CSIC) ; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas [España] = Spanish National Research Council [Spain] (CSIC) | Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ) | German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Germany | Universidad de Zaragoza = University of Zaragoza [Saragossa University] = Université de Saragosse | Laboratoire des EcoSystèmes et des Sociétés en Montagne (UR LESSEM) ; Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (Fédération OSUG)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) | Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, UFZ, Halle, Germany | University of Surrey (UNIS) | University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany | Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences - Høgskolen i Innlandet | Bavarian Forest National Park | Chair of Ecosystem Dynamics and Forest Management, Department of Life Science Systems, TUM, Munich, Germany | Swiss National Park, Chastè Planta-Wildenberg, Runatsch 124, 7530 Zernez, Switzerland | Universidade do Porto = University of Porto | Universidade do Minho = University of Minho [Braga] | Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena = Friedrich Schiller University Jena = Université de Iéna [Jena, Germany] (FSU) | IDiv - German Research Foundation 202548816 | MCIN/AEI RYC2021-032828-I | Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior | European Union "NextGenerationEU"/PRTR | Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) 2020.01175. CEECIND; 2022.06965.PTDC | Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain (MICINN) PID2020-118041GB-I00 | Financiamento Programatico - national funds through the Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia I.P UIDP/04050/2020 | Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) SFRH/BD/115030/2016 | European Social Fund (ESF) | Human Capital Operational Program (POCH) | North Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE2020)
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Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Английский. Protected Areas contribute to the conservation of nature with associated cultural ecosystem services (CES) and values, such as recreational and educational opportunities, wildlife observation, scenic beauty, inspiration and sense of belonging. Informed management of Protected Areas needs to consider the distinct use and preferences for CES of different types of visitors to increase opportunities for nature experience while avoiding conflicts with biodiversity conservation. Therefore, it is important to understand the linkages between visitor characteristics and their demand for specific sets of CES, particularly in fragile mountain ecosystems. Here we do so by combining information from individual on-site surveys and participatory mapping of visitors in four European mountain Protected Areas. We analysed visitors' frequency of use of eight CES and their socio-demographic information, identifying three clusters of visitors. We also assessed the spatial distribution of CES locations used by each visitor cluster. Our results highlight strong differences between clusters both in the most frequently experienced CES and in the spatial location where those CES were experienced. We suggest that a better understanding of visitors regarding the way they experience nature is relevant for the environmental management of mountain Protected Areas and their surroundings.
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