Risk assessment on vegetative parameters in the production of fruit planting material from the San José scale
Plamen Ivanov
The use of fruit-propagated planting material is vital for the fruit market, but unclear phytosanitary conditions can cause significant losses. Bulgaria and other EU countries comply with high standards for producing fruit trees. Protected tree fruit cultivation is a promising alternative using sustainable practices to improve fruit quality and tree health. New information has been obtained on the development of the San José scale (Diaspidiotus (Quadraspidiotus) perniciosus Comstock) in protected facilities. Using infected propagating material causes greater damage to plants compared to the migration of the species. The harmfulness of the pests was high, and there was an extreme risk of infestation when using nets to produce planting material. The complex coefficient of harmfulness of the San José scale in the apple fruit species (Malus domestica Borkh.) showed a significantly higher percentage was calculated in the insect-proof net house - 75.0%, due to the high score and frequency of harmfulness in the upper range. In the shaded field, this coefficient was 71.7%, and in the non-shaded field, 56.7%. Complying with strict measures to limit the spread of the pest can reduce the harmfulness.
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