Identification, Pathogenicity and Fungicide Sensitivity of <i>Colletotrichum</i> Species Causing Anthracnose on <i>Polygonatum cyrtonema</i> Hua
Huixia Cai | Jinxin Li | Yanling Du | Di Wu | Jinyi Chen | Hong Chen | Kaili Qu | Yuhuan Miao | Dahui Liu
Anthracnose significantly threatens the cultivation of <i>Polygonatum cyrtonema</i>, severely impacting its quality and yield. Between 2022 and 2023, 50 <i>Colletotrichum</i> isolates were obtained from diseased leaves collected in three <i>P. cyrtonema</i> production areas within the Two Lakes region of China (Hubei and Hunan provinces). Morphological and molecular analyses identified six <i>Colletotrichum</i> species as the causative agents of anthracnose: <i>C. aenigma</i>, <i>C. siamense</i>, <i>C. gloeosporioides</i>, <i>C. spaethianum</i>, <i>C. fructicola</i>, and <i>C. karsti</i>. Among these pathogens, <i>C. fructicola</i> and <i>C. spaethianum</i> were predominant (82%), while <i>C. siamense</i> and <i>C. fructicola</i> exhibited the highest aggressiveness. Physiological investigations revealed that the optimal temperature range for all six pathogens was 25–28 °C. <i>C. spaethianum</i> thrived under acidic conditions, whereas <i>C. aenigma</i>, <i>C. siamense</i>, and <i>C. gloeosporioides</i> preferred alkaline environments. In contrast, <i>C. fructicola</i> and <i>C. karsti</i> showed no significant response to pH variations. Fungicide screening demonstrated that pyraclostrobin, prochloraz, and carbendazim effectively inhibited the growth of <i>Colletotrichum</i> species. These findings elucidate the epidemiological factors, primary pathogens, and effective control agents for <i>P. cyrtonema</i> anthracnose in the Two Lakes region, providing a basis for developing targeted prevention and control strategies.
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