Export potential of agricultural products: Financial aspects

This study analysed the financial mechanisms that stimulate the development of the export potential of agricultural products in order to strengthen Kazakhstan's position in global markets. It examined the role of the agricultural sector in the country’s economic development and the factors influencing its competitiveness in international trade. To assess the sector’s export potential, key financial instruments were evaluated, including government subsidy programmes, tax incentives, and export risk insurance mechanisms. The analysis highlighted the role of specialised financial institutions – such as Agrocredit Corporation and KazAgroFinance – which provide farmers with access to credit and leasing for production modernisation and export development. The influence of infrastructure, particularly transport and logistics corridors, on the cost and timeliness of agricultural deliveries was also considered. Technological advancement in the agro-industrial sector was identified as a critical factor in export growth. In addition, the importance of government policies aimed at improving macroeconomic stability, managing currency risks, and developing financial institutions is emphasised. The study presented data on the dynamics of Kazakhstan’s agricultural exports, which grew from USD 2.1 billion in 2015 to USD 5.1 billion in 2024. Despite positive trends, challenges remain, including yield instability, limited processing capacity, and high transportation costs. Particular attention is given to exports to China, which rose from USD 351 million in 2019 to USD 954 million in 2023. The key findings underlined the necessity of expanding financial support tools, such as concessional loans, export risk insurance, and subsidies for transportation costs. Strategic investments in agricultural processing, new export corridors, and the digitalisation of certification procedures will further enhance Kazakhstan’s competitiveness in global markets and support continued export growth in the agricultural sector