Remediasi Tanah Tercemar Timbal dan Kadmium Menggunakan Fly Ash dan Bahan Organik | Remediation Of Lead and Cadmium Contaminated Soil Using Fly Ash and Organic Materials

Английский. Agricultural soils that are close to industrial areas are prone to be polluted by lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) caused by industrial waste. Soil remediation is a method to clean the soil from pollutant materials. Utilizing fly ash and organic matter is a way to reduce levels of Pb and Cd pollution in the soil. This research was conducted to study the effect of ameliorants on reducing the availability of Pb and Cd in soil. The greenhouse experiment was carried out using a randomized block design with the application of 3 types of ameliorants, namely fly ash, chicken manure, and cow manure. The experimental design was prepared with 2 dose levels, namely C: control; F1: 450g; F2: 600g; A1: 75g; A2: 105g; S1: 105g; S2: 135g; FAS1: 450 g+75 g+105 g; FAS2: 600g+105g+135g. Each treatment was repeated 3 times to obtain 27 experimental units. The experimental results showed that the effect of the treatment of fly ash, chicken manure, and cow manure significantly increased soil pH, KB, C-organic, and exchangeable bases as well as reduced levels of availability of Pb and Cd compared to controls. The use of single fly ash (F1 and F2) reduces the availability of Pb in the soil, while the available Cd decreased in the application of a combination of fly ash with chicken and cow manure (FAS1 and FAS2). The application of fly ash alone was able to reduce the availability of Pb and Cd which was higher than of chicken manure and cow manure alone. However, the provision of fly ash has not been able to increase the growth of kale plants. Keywords: Cd, fly ash, chicken manure, cow manure, Pb, remediation

индонезийский. Tanah lahan pertanian yang berada dekat dengan kawasan industri rentan tercemar oleh timbal (Pb) dan cadmium (Cd), disebabkan oleh limbah industri tersebut. Remediasi tanah merupakan Upaya yang dilakukan untuk membersihkan tanah dari bahan-bahan pencemar. Pemanfaatan fly ash dan bahan organik merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengurangi kadar pencemaran Pb dan Cd dalam tanah. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mempelajari pengaruh dari amelioran untuk menurunkan kadar ketersediaan Pb dan Cd pada tanah. Percobaan rumah kaca dilakukan dengan rancangan acak kelompok dengan perlakuan aplikasi 3 jenis amelioran, yaitu fly ash, pupuk kandang ayam dan pupuk kandang sapi. Rancangan percobaan disusun masing-masing dengan 2 taraf dosis, yaitu C: kontrol; F1: 450 g; F2: 600 g; A1: 75 g; A2: 105 g; S1: 105 g; S2: 135 g; FAS1: 450 g+75 g+105 g; FAS2: 600 g+105 g+135 g. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga diperoleh 27 satuan percobaan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan pengaruh pemberian perlakuan fly ash, pupuk kandang ayam dan pupuk kandang sapi secara nyata meningkatkan pH, KB, C-organik, dan basa tanah serta menurunkan kadar ketersediaan Pb dan Cd dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Penggunaan fly ash tunggal (F1 dan F2) menurunkan kadar ketersediaan Pb pada tanah, sedangkan Cd tersedia menurun pada pemberian aplikasi kombinasi fly ash dengan pupuk kandang ayam dan sapi (FAS1 dan FAS2). Pemberian fly ash saja mampu menurunkan kadar ketersediaan Pb dan Cd yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pemberian kotoran ayam dan kotoran sapi saja. Namun, pemberian fly ash belum mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman kangkung. Kata kunci: Cd, fly ash, pupuk kandang ayam, pupuk kandang sapi, Pb, remediasi