Determination of Fruit Set, Seed Number and Seed Germination Rate in Different Hybrid Combinations in Cut Rose Hybridization Breeding
2024
Akca Yılmaz, Suheda Basire
Rose hybridization breeding is a challenging process due to its low success rate, which can be attributed to pollen fertility and changes in environmental conditions. Knowing the pollen viability and germination rate of the male parent is of critical importance, especially in preventing low seed set by increasing pollination success. This study was conducted to determine the performance of Rosa odorata ’Louis XIV’ and Esmeralda belonging to Rosa × hybrida species commercial cut rose variety as a male parent in hybridization breeding. In the study, 10 different hybrid combinations were created using commercial varieties Magnum, Avalanche, Harmonie, Lady Rose, Tineke and Ever Red as female parents. While pollen viability and germination rates were determined in the male parents, the number of fruits and seeds, fruit set and seed germination rates were determined in these combinations. As a result of the study, the viable pollen rate of the male parents was determined to be 76.62% for the R. odorata and 75.69% for the 'Esmeralda'; pollen germination rates were found to be 18.62% for R. odorata and 13.37% for 'Esmeralda. The highest average seed number per fruit (28.00 pieces) was obtained from the hybrid combination Tineke × R. odorata, and the lowest average seed number per fruit (5.00 pieces) was obtained from the hybrid combination Avalanche × R. odorata. The highest seed germination rate was determined in the hybrid combination of Tineke × R. odorata with 50%, followed by the hybrid combination of Harmonie × Esmeralda with 37.50%. The lowest seed germination rate was recorded in the hybrid combination of Lady Rose × Esmeralda with 5%.
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