Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Colonization on Cadmium-Mediated Oxidative Stress in Glycine max (L.) Merr.

Cadmium is a heavy metal (HM) that inhibits plant growth and leads to death, causing great losses in yields, especially in Cd hyperaccumulator crops such as Glycine max (L.) Merr. (soybean), a worldwide economically important legume. Furthermore, Cd incorporation into the food chain is a health hazard. Oxidative stress (OS) is a plant response to abiotic and biotic stresses with an intracellular burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that causes damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) association is a plant strategy to cope with HM and to alleviate OS. Our aim was to evaluate the mitigation effects of mycorrhization with AMF Rhizophagus intraradices on soybean growth, nutrients, Cd accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and the activity of different antioxidant agents under Cd (0.7–1.2 mg kg−1 bioavailable Cd) induced OS. Our results suggest that glutathione may act as a signal molecule in a defense response to Cd-induced OS, and mycorrhization may avoid Cd-induced growth inhibition and reduce Cd accumulation in roots. It is discussed that R. intraradices mycorrhization would act as a signal, promoting the generation of a soybean cross tolerance response to Cd pollution, therefore evidencing the potential of this AMF association for bioremediation and encouragement of crop development, particularly because it is an interaction between a worldwide cultivated Cd hyperaccumulator plant and an AMF–HM–accumulator commonly present in soils.

Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE)

Fil: Molina, Alicia S. Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL). Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia (FQByF). Área Química Biológica; Argentina

Fil: Lugo, Monica A. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO); Argentina

Fil: Lugo, Monica A. Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL). Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO); Argentina

Fil: Perez Chaca, Maria V. Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL). Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia (FQByF). Área Química Biológica; Argentina

Fil: Vargas Gil, Silvina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentina

Fil: Vargas Gil, Silvina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Argentina

Fil: Zirulnik, Fanny. Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL). Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia (FQByF). Área Química Biológica; Argentina

Fil: Leporati, Jorge. Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL). Facultas de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agropecuarias (FICA). Área Matemática; Argentina

Fil: Ferrol, Nuria. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC). Estación Experimental del Zaidín; España

Fil: Azcón Aguila, Concepción. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC). Estación Experimental del Zaidín; España