EFFECT OF SELENIUM SUPPLEMENTATION AND EXPRESSION OF SOME GENES ON TESTIS TISSUES IN ROOSTERS
A. Kh. Ahmed | N. Kh. Mehdi | Sh. Melak | Z. Peng
Selenium is a vital trace element that plays a key role in physiological functions, antioxidant enzyme activity, and reproductive health in birds. This study evaluated the effects of different levels of selenium in the diet and drinking water on the expression of genes related to inflammation, antioxidants, apoptosis, and testicular metabolism in poultry. The results showed that selenium positively influenced immune responses in chickens. Higher selenium levels in water or in combination with feed (T3 and T4) significantly reduced IL-1β gene expression. Conversely, IL-1RN expression increased in the feed-only treatment (T2) but decreased when selenium was provided through water or both sources. Notably, SelPF15 gene expression rose significantly across T2, T3, and T4 compared to the control (T1). Additionally, SelPP expression increased in T2 and T3 treatments but decreased in T4. Analysis of programmed cell death revealed a decrease in Fas gene expression with selenium treatments, while FaslG and Caspase-3 expressions increased significantly. Superoxide dismutase (SOD 3) expression was higher in T3 and T4 but lower in T2. Significant effects on NOX5 and AGT were observed with feed and water combinations, but not when both were supplemented together. Lastly, POR expression declined with selenium treatments, while AKT expression increased across all treatments, suggesting that enhanced selenium availability boosts these metabolic pathways. Overall, the findings indicate that increased selenium significantly improves immune response, apoptosis, antioxidant activity, and testicular structure in poultry
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