Produktivitas Ulat Sutra Eri (Samia cynthia ricini) pada Pemeliharaan Suhu Lingkungan Tinggi | Productivity of Eri Silkworms (Samia cynthia ricini) in High Environmental Temperature Rearing

Industri tekstil di Indonesia memegang peranan penting dalam mendukung perekonomian negara. Salah satu bahan tekstil utama adalah kain sutra, yang diproduksi dari filamen kepompong ulat sutra. Samia cynthia ricini, ulat sutra non- murbei, dapat dibudidayakan di Indonesia karena adaptasinya yang baik terhadap lingkungan tropis. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh suhu tinggi terhadap produktivitas ulat sutra eri (Samia cynthia ricini). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Sutra Alam DIPTP, IPB University, menggunakan 720 ekor larva instar IV yang diberi perlakuan suhu ruang (24–26 °C) dan suhu tinggi (32–34 °C). Variabel yang diamati meliputi panjang, lebar, bobot, mortalitas, lama fase larva, dan produktivitas kokon. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji-t untuk membandingkan kedua perlakuan tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu tinggi secara signifikan memengaruhi pertumbuhan larva instar V, menyebabkan mortalitas lebih tinggi, hasil produksi dan bobot utuh kokon lebih rendah, kulit kokon menjadi lebih tipis, serta menurunkan produktivitas kokon dibandingkan suhu ruang.

The textile industry in Indonesia plays a vital role in supporting the national economy. One of the primary raw materials in textile production is silk, which is derived from silkworm cocoon filaments. Samia cynthia ricini, a non-mulberry silkworm species, is suitable for cultivation in Indonesia due to its strong adaptability to tropical environments. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of high temperature on the productivity of eri silkworms (S. c. ricini). The experiment was conducted at the Natural Silk Laboratory, Department of Industrial Crops, IPB University, using 720 fourth-instar larvae subjected to two temperature treatments: room temperature (24–26?°C) and elevated temperature (32–34?°C). Observed variables included larval length, width, weight, mortality rate, larval duration, and cocoon productivity. Data were analyzed using a t-test to compare the effects of both treatments. The results showed that high temperature significantly affected the growth of fifth-instar larvae, leading to increased mortality, reduced cocoon yield and intact cocoon weight, thinner cocoon shells, and an overall decline in cocoon productivity compared to room temperature conditions.