Cross compliance of the Water Framework and Nitrate directives in Slovenia | Navzkrižna skladnost okvirne vodne in nitratne direktive v Sloveniji

Английский. We describe the first characterisation of the Slovene waters and show cross compliance of the Nitrate and Water Framework Directives in Slovenia. Point and disperse sources of pollution are identified, hydrological and morphological pressures to surface water bodies evaluated and impact of all pressure to water bodies analysed. Agricultural activities in Slovenia are described and results of calculation of nitrogen and phosphorus balance in the catchment areas of the water bodies presented. The analyses show that hydro-morphological and chemical pressures from point pressures and diffused pollution from agriculture are the main reasons for the non-attainment of environmental objectives. Though consumption of mineral fertilisers and plant nutrients in Slovenia has reached more or less steady state in the last years, the quantities are still too high to reduce the risk to water environment. Therefore, the measures for reasonable fertiliser applications should be developed into more details as to give more directions for a farm level management. Miscellaneous instruments should also be developed to initiate overall sustainable use of fertilisers and plant nutrients in agriculture. 

словенский. Prispevek podaja opis značilnosti  slovenskih voda in skladnost varstva voda, ki ga uvajata nitratna  in vodna direktiva v Sloveniji. Identificirano je točkovno in disperzno onesnaževanje, ocenjene so hidrološke in morfološke obremenitve površinskih vodnih teles in analiziran vpliv vseh obremenitev na vodna telesa. Opisane so kmetijske dejavnosti v Sloveniji in podani rezultati računa dušikove in fosforjeve bilance za prispevne površine vodnih teles. Analiza je pokazala, da so hidro-morfološke in kemične obremenitve iz točkovnih in razpršenih virov onesnaževanja glavni razlog za nedoseganje okoljskih ciljev. Čeprav je raba mineralnih gnojil in rastlinskih hranil v zadnjih letih v Sloveniji dosegla več ali manj stabilno stanje, so količine še vedno prevelike za zmanjševanje tveganj za vodno okolje. Zato je treba natančneje opredeliti rabo gnojil na nivoju  kmetijskih gospodarstev. Razviti moramo tudi druge instrumente, ki bodo vzpostavili trajnostno rabo gnojil in rastlinskih hranil v kmetijstvu.