Quali-Quantitative Profile of Native Carotenoids in Kumquat from Brazil by HPLC-DAD-APCI/MS
2019
Helena Maria Pinheiro-Sant’Ana | Pamella Cristine Anunciação | Clarice Silva e Souza | Galdino Xavier de Paula Filho | Andrea Salvo | Giacomo Dugo | Daniele Giuffrida
In this study the native carotenoids composition in kumquat (Fortunella margarita) (peel + pulp) from Brazil was determined for the first time by a HPLC-DAD-APCI/MS (high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization/mass spectrometry), methodology. Eleven carotenoids were successfully identified and quantified in kumquat: four carotenoids in the free form and seven carotenoids in the esterified form. &beta:-citraurin-laurate was the carotenoid found in the highest content (607.33 µ:g/100 g fresh matter), followed by &beta:-cryptoxanthin-laurate (552.59 µ:g/100 g). The different esterified forms of &beta:-citraurin and &beta:-cryptoxanthin represented 84.34% of the carotenoids found, which demonstrates the importance of esterification in natural fruits. &beta:-carotene and free xanthophylls (&beta:-cryptoxanthin, lutein and zeaxanthin) represented 5.50% and 14.96%, respectively, of total carotenoids in kumquat. The total carotenoid content of kumquat from Brazil was very high (2185.16 µ:g/100 g), suggesting that this fruit could contribute significantly to the intake of important bioactive compounds by the population.
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