Remote and Proximal Sensing Applications for Durum Wheat Nutritional Status Detection in Mediterranean Area
2021
Marco Fiorentini | Stefano Zenobi | Roberto Orsini
Combining remote and proximal sensing in agriculture is essential to monitor crop spatial-temporal variability and to provide high-quality prescription maps for the precision agriculture applications. The study showed how different combinations of soil management (no tillage&mdash:NT vs. conventional tillage&mdash:CT) and nitrogen (N) fertilization levels (0.90 and 180 kg N ha&minus:1) can affect the durum wheat nutritional status and development through vegetation indices computation and proximal sensing tool application. Chlorophyll and N crop content were measured, in addition a proximal sensing tool and multispectral imagery equipped on unmanned aerial vehicle were used. The N input is the key driver for durum wheat development (4.5 ±: 0.92 t ha&minus:1 on average), but when it was not provided the NT performed better than CT (2.51 ±: 0.22 vs. 1.46 ±: 0.28 t ha&minus:1 respectively) in terms of grain yield. This is due to the greater content of organic matter and N availability which characterizes the NT system. The near infrared (NIR) band-based vegetation indices can well detect the durum wheat nutritional status (R2 = 0.70 on average). The showed results can provide an important contribution in the implementation of ago-environmental policies aimed at environmental impact of cereal-based-cropping systems reduction.
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