Dental Bleaching with Phthalocyanine Photosensitizers: Effects on Dentin Color and Collagen Content
2023
Zhouyan Wu | Guodong Wang | Zhiming Li | Zhengquan Li | Dandan Huang | Mingdong Huang | Minkui Lin
With the increasing demand for tooth bleaching in esthetic dentistry, its safety has been the focus of a comprehensive body of literature. In this context, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the application effects of pentalysine &beta:-carbonylphthalocyanine zinc (ZnPc(Lys)5)-mediated photodynamic therapy in dentin bleaching and its effects on dentin collagen. We first established a new and reproducible tooth staining model using dentin blocks stained by Orange II and then bleached with ZnPc(Lys)5 (25 &mu:M) and hydrogen peroxide (10% or 30%). Data were analyzed with one- and two-way ANOVA and a significance level of p <: 0.05. ZnPc(Lys)5 effectively bleached the dentin samples to an extent comparable to hydrogen peroxide at either 10% or 30% concentrations. Further studies on the dentin morphology, chemical element distribution, and protein constituents, using an electron microscope, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and SDS-PAGE, demonstrated that treatment with the photosensitizer preserved the dentin structure and, at the same time, the major organic component, collagen type I. For comparison, hydrogen peroxide (10% or 30%) treatment significantly degraded the collagen protein. This work indicated that the photosensitizer exerts potent bleaching effects on dentin staining: importantly, does not damage dentin and its collagen content: and opens up a new strategy to further explore various photosensitizers for the bleaching of both tooth enamel and dentin.
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