Microvascular Responses in the Dermis and Muscles After Balneotherapy: Results from a Prospective Pilot Histological Study
2025
Traian-Virgiliu Surdu | Monica Surdu | Olga Surdu | Irina Franciuc | Elena-Roxana Tucmeanu | Alin-Iulian Tucmeanu | Lucian Serbanescu | Vlad Iustin Tica
Background: This study aimed to assess the feasibility of conducting a prospective study to evaluate histological changes in skin and muscle tissues after two weeks of balneotherapeutic intervention, as described in Romanian medical regulations. Methods: Thirty-five patients participated in this study, thirty of whom received balneotherapy (a cold mud ointment or a mud pack, or a mud bath, and/or a salted water bath) and five received hydrotherapy (the witness plot). Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Twenty-four hours after discharge, a tegument and muscle biopsy were performed, and fragments were histologically prepared. Results: In the blade evidence analysis, the increased caliber and number of open capillaries and the presence of angiogenesis vessels were statistically significant (p = 0.001 <: &alpha: = 0.05) for the cold mud ointment and mud pack compared with the witness and mud bath plots. The number of angiogenesis blood vessels was higher in the dermis (p <: 0.05 *) with the mud pack plot and in the muscle with the mud cold ointment (p <: 0.05). The histological study showed that two weeks of therapeutic intervention produced evidence-based proof in the dermis and muscle tissues, which was persistent at least twenty-four hours after the completion of the balneal course. The results encourage the team to continue the histological approach using modern techniques.
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