Fusarium diseases, yield and stability parameters of winter rye varieties | Фузариозные болезни, урожайность и параметры стабильности сортов озимой ржи

Английский. The work was carried out in 2021-2024 in the Kirov region to assess the gene pool of winter rye for resistance to snow mold and root rots to identify varieties the most resistant to fungal diseases and adapted to the Kirov region cultivation conditions. The study material were 9 varieties (Vyatka 2, Kirovskaya 89, Falenskaya 4, Snezhana, Rushnik, Flora, Grafinya, Batist, Lika) bred by the Federal Agrarian Scientific Center of the North-East and 8 promising populations (Grafit, Grafit FP, Harmoniya, Perepel, Symphoniya, Kiprez, Talitsa, Falenskaya universalnaya). Two varieties, Lika (88.1%) and Flora (82.5%), were distinguished by snow mold tolerance. Juvenile resistance to root rot was shown by Harmoniya (damage degree of 13.3%), Flora (13.5%), Grafit (14.6%), Grafit FP (14.9%), Rushnik (15.1%), Perepel (15.2%); age resistance - Harmoniya, Flora, Grafit, Grafit FP, Rushnik, Perepel, Symphoniya (13.3.15.7%), which may be of some interest for breeding for increasing resistance to this disease. The most favorable conditions for high grain yield formation took place in 2022, when the average performance of varieties was 749.1 g/m2, at the environment index Ij of 168.8. The varieties Lika, Symphoniya, Grafit FP, Batist, Perepel, Flora, Snezhana reliably exceeded the standard Falenskaya 4 (NSR05 = 143.8 g/m2) in terms of the value of this indicator by 118.5...212.0 g/m2. The greatest plasticity of "yield" trait (bi = 2.33.1.24) is characteristic of Batist, Perepel, Grafit FP, Flora, Lika, which can be attributed to highly responsive to cultivation condition improvements. The Flora and Batist are characterized by stable producing capacity (S2di =495.08.1034.31). Vyatka 2, Snezhana, Grafit, Symphoniya exhibit the highest stress tolerance to contrasting conditions of the region (Umax - Umin = -248.0-174.0). The samples possessing a complex of the studied indicators were identified; they are Flora, Batist, Lika, Grafit FP, Perepel, Symphoniya.

Русский. The work was carried out in 2021-2024 in the Kirov region to assess the gene pool of winter rye for resistance to snow mold and root rots to identify varieties the most resistant to fungal diseases and adapted to the Kirov region cultivation conditions. The study material were 9 varieties (Vyatka 2, Kirovskaya 89, Falenskaya 4, Snezhana, Rushnik, Flora, Grafinya, Batist, Lika) bred by the Federal Agrarian Scientific Center of the North-East and 8 promising populations (Grafit, Grafit FP, Harmoniya, Perepel, Symphoniya, Kiprez, Talitsa, Falenskaya universalnaya). Two varieties, Lika (88.1%) and Flora (82.5%), were distinguished by snow mold tolerance. Juvenile resistance to root rot was shown by Harmoniya (damage degree of 13.3%), Flora (13.5%), Grafit (14.6%), Grafit FP (14.9%), Rushnik (15.1%), Perepel (15.2%); age resistance - Harmoniya, Flora, Grafit, Grafit FP, Rushnik, Perepel, Symphoniya (13.3.15.7%), which may be of some interest for breeding for increasing resistance to this disease. The most favorable conditions for high grain yield formation took place in 2022, when the average performance of varieties was 749.1 g/m2, at the environment index Ij of 168.8. The varieties Lika, Symphoniya, Grafit FP, Batist, Perepel, Flora, Snezhana reliably exceeded the standard Falenskaya 4 (NSR05 = 143.8 g/m2) in terms of the value of this indicator by 118.5...212.0 g/m2. The greatest plasticity of "yield" trait (bi = 2.33.1.24) is characteristic of Batist, Perepel, Grafit FP, Flora, Lika, which can be attributed to highly responsive to cultivation condition improvements. The Flora and Batist are characterized by stable producing capacity (S2di =495.08.1034.31). Vyatka 2, Snezhana, Grafit, Symphoniya exhibit the highest stress tolerance to contrasting conditions of the region (Umax - Umin = -248.0-174.0). The samples possessing a complex of the studied indicators were identified; they are Flora, Batist, Lika, Grafit FP, Perepel, Symphoniya.