Inhibitory Effects of <i>Origanum vulgare</i> Essential Oil on <i>Mycogone perniciosa</i> Growth in <i>Agaricus bisporus</i> Cultivation
Jasmina Glamočlija | Marija Ivanov | Marina Soković | Ana Ćirić | Slavica Ninković | Danijela Mišić | Ivanka Milenković | Dejan Stojković
<i>Mycogone perniciosa</i> is the causative agent of wet bubble disease, which induces significant losses in the production of <i>Agaricus bisporus</i>, indicating the high importance of the development of novel inhibitory agents. The isolation, identification, and molecular characterization of five isolates of <i>M. perniciosa</i> from diseased fruit bodies of <i>A. bisporus</i> was done. Moreover, the study evaluated the in vitro and in situ potential of <i>Origanum vulgare</i> essential oil (EO) to limit <i>M. perniciosa</i> growth and provided chemical characterization of its volatile components. The obtained strains differed phenotypically and according to their molecular characteristics. <i>O. vulgare</i> EO has shown more promising antifungal activity than the commercial fungicide Prochloraz-Mn in the microatmospheric method. In the treatment of experimentally induced wet bubble disease on <i>A. bisporus</i> in the growing chambers with 2% of <i>O. vulgare</i> EO and simultaneous application of spore suspension of mycopathogen, <i>O. vulgare</i> EO totally inhibited the growth of <i>M. perniciosa</i>. Carvacrol, p-cymene, γ-terpinene, and thymol were dominant constituents of <i>O. vulgare</i> EO examined in this study. <i>O. vulgare</i> EO has shown promising potential to limit growth of <i>M. perniciosa</i> and should be further explored as a novel biofungicide.
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