Stress Responses to Hydrogen Peroxide and Hydric Stress-Related Acoustic Emissions (MHAF) in Capsicum annuum L. Applied in a Single or Combined Manner
2025
Pablo L. Godínez-Mendoza | Amanda K. Rico-Chávez | Ireri A. Carbajal-Valenzuela | Luis M. Contreras-Medina | Rosalía V. Ocampo-Velázquez | Enrique Rico-García | Irineo Torres-Pacheco | Ramón G. Guevara-González
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) application in several plant species has been widely studied as a plant biostimulant: however, the use of acoustic emissions related to hydric stress (MHAF) in biostimulating plants has not been widely studied, including the response of plants to the interaction of different stress factors. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the stress response in some morphological, biochemical, and molecular variables of the single or combined application of H2O2 and MHAF in C. annuum L. plants. Acoustic emission frequencies were obtained in a previous study where the frequencies came from C. annuum plants submitted to medium hydric stress (MHAF). Our results showed that the combination of the two stressors evaluated has a possible synergistic effect on variables such as SOD activity and relative gene expressions of ros1, met1, and MAPkinases (mkk5, mpk4-1, mpk6-2), as well as an antagonistic effect for flavonoid content, DPPH, and ABTS free radical inhibition, and def1 gene expression. MHAF showed increased plant height, PAL activity, and mpk6-1 and erf1 gene upregulation, while H2O2 increased POD activity and upregulated pr1a gene. These findings suggest possible stress response pathways that are activated and enhanced by the presence of these stress factors, both individually and in conjunction with one another, making it possible to use them as novel strategies for agricultural stress management.
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