<i>Limosilactobacillus fermentum</i> SWP-AFFS02 Improves the Growth and Survival Rate of White Shrimp via Regulating Immunity and Intestinal Microbiota
Bao-Hong Lee | Wei-Hsuan Hsu | You-Zuo Chen | Kung-Ting Hsu | Tzu-Ming Pan
White shrimp <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> is an important species of farmed shrimp. Intestinal bacterial composition and immune activity play important roles in regulating the health condition of shrimp. Lactic acid bacteria <i>Limosilactobacillus fermentum</i> SWP-AFFS02 was isolated from the intestine of sea fish <i>Rachycentron canadum</i>, and the potential of its effect on growth, immunity, and intestinal microbiota of <i>L. vannamei</i> shrimp was investigated. Shrimps received feed with or without the addition of 8 log CFU/g <i>L. fermentum</i> SWP-AFFS02 thrice a day for 8 weeks. After 8-week treatment, weight gain, feed conversion rate, and survival rate of shrimp were greater in the <i>L. fermentum</i> SWP-AFFS02-feed group than in the control group. <i>L. fermentum</i> SWP-AFFS02 treatment increased the number of granular cells and semi-granular cells and decreased hyaline cell number when compared to the control group. <i>L. fermentum</i> SWP-AFFS02 promoted prophenoloxidase (PO) activity through increasing immune-associated gene expression in the hepatopancreas of shrimp. In addition, administration of feed containing <i>L. fermentum</i> SWP-AFFS02 regulated intestinal microbiota via decreasing the ratio of pathogenic bacteria, such as <i>Vibrionaceae</i> and <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i>, in the intestine of shrimp. This study demonstrated that administration of <i>L. fermentum</i> SWP-AFFS02 effectively prevented infection of <i>L. vannamei</i> shrimp by regulating intestinal microbiota and enhancing immunity in shrimp to increase the growth and improve their health status, which acted as a probiotic and provided beneficial effects on shrimp.
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