Effect and Mechanism of <i>Lepista nuda</i> Mycelia Obtained via In Vitro Culture on the Lifespan of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>
Jinzhe Li | Yaqin Huang | Dezhi Wang | Nailiang Zhu | Xinrong Qiao
To provide a theoretical basis for biogenic fly-killing pesticides, in this study, we sought to examine the lethal effects of <i>Lepista nuda</i> mycelium-supplemented diets in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>. In doing so, we also studied the effects of <i>Lepista nuda</i> mycelium-supplemented diets on lifespan, antioxidant enzyme activity, peroxide content, relative transcript amounts of antioxidant enzyme genes, signaling pathways, and lifespan. Lower <i>Lepista nuda</i> mycelium-supplemented diets activated the antioxidant system and prolonged lifespan, while higher mycelium-supplemented diets had a significant toxic effect. After the administration of mycelium-supplemented diets for 24 h, the highest corrected mortality (41.96%) and lifespan inhibition rates (96.50%) were observed. In addition, the antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px); the relative transcript amounts of the key antioxidant enzyme genes <i>SOD</i>, <i>CAT</i>, and <i>TrxR-1</i>; and the lifespan genes <i>Hep</i> and <i>Nrf2</i> were found to be the lowest, while the contents of the oxidation products malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonylation product (PCO), and triglyceride (TG); the relative transcript amounts of the signaling pathway-related genes <i>S6K</i>, <i>TOR</i>, and <i>Keap-1</i>; and the lifespan gene <i>MTH</i> were observed to be the highest after 48 h. Higher <i>Lepista nuda</i> mycelium-supplemented diets significantly inhibited lifespan, acting via the initiation of oxidative stress systems.
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