The effects of different pre-mixtures in nutrition of sows and piglets | Efekti različitih premiksa u ishrani krmača i prasadi

In the last ten years we have been witnesses to import of numerous premixes produced by various producers and of different quality in regard to concentration of ingredients which are their main components. There is relatively few data on the effects of their nutritive value in pigs, so this research was carried out with objective to verify the effects of several different imported premixes and those produced according to domestic concept, in nutrition of sows, suckling piglets and weaned piglets. Research was performed on private farm in the vicinity of Šabac in Serbia. Obtained results showed that there was no significant difference in losses of body masses and food consumption in sows during lactation period. Nutrition of suckling piglets using mixture which contained adequate premix of domestic production improved the growth rate by 7.6%. Cost of food when domestic premixes were used in nutrition of sows and piglets was by 5.3% lower, and value of realized piglets by approx. 26.0% more favourable when domestic premixes were used in nutrition of sows and suckling piglets. Piglets in rearing were fed mixtures containing imported premixes showed no significantly important effect on gain, but had poorer feed conversion by 6.2% compared to animals fed diets containing domestic premix. Domestic premix in mixtures reduced the cost of mixtures by 3.4% and reduced the cost of gain of piglets in rearing by 9.9% compared to nutrition with diets containing imported premixes. In general, obtained results shoed that use of both types of compared premixes can be recommended, but it is more economically efficient to use domestic premixes in nutrition of sows and piglets.

Poslednjih deset godina svedoci smo uvoza mnogobrojnih premiksa raznih proizvođača različitog kvaliteta u pogledu koncentracija ingredijenata koji ulaze u njihov sastav. Relativno je malo podataka o efektima njihove nutritivne vrednosti kod svinja, zbog čega su ova ispitivanja i izvedena sa ciljem da se provere efekti palete premiksa iz uvoza i onih proizvedenih po domaćem konceptu čiji je idejni tvorac prvoimenovani autor ovoga rada, u ishrani krmača, prasadi na sisi i prasadi u odgoju. Istraživanja su izvedena na privatnoj farmi svinja u Platičevu u okolini Šapca u Srbiji. Dobijeni rezultati su pokazali da nije bilo bitne razlike u gubicima telesnih masa i u konzumaciji hrane kod krmača u periodu laktacije. Ishrana prasadi na sisi smešom u kojoj je korišćen odgovarajući premiks domaće proizvodnje poboljšala je brzinu porasta prasadi u proseku za 7,6%. Cena hrane korišćenjem domaćih premiksa je bila za 5,3% niža, a vrednost realizovane prasadi za oko 26,0% nepovoljnija korišćenjem premiksa iz uvoza. Prasad u odgoju hranjena smešama gde su korišćeni uvozni premiksi nisu iskazala bitan efekat na prirast ali su reagovala pogoršanom konverzijom hrane za 6,2% u poređenju sa životinjama na obrocima sa premiksom domaće proizvodnje. Domaći premiks u smešama je umanjio cenu smeša za 3,4% i pojeftinio cenu prirasta prasadi u odgoju za 9,9% u poređenju sa ishranom obrocima sa uvoznim premiksima. U celini dobijeni rezultati su pokazali da se preporučuje korišćenje obeju vrsta upoređivanih premiksa, ali je ekonomičnije koristiti domaće premikse u ishrani krmača, prasadi na sisi i odgoju.