Diurnal Variations in Physiological Characteristics, Photoassimilates, and Total Ascorbate in Early and Late Sown Indian Wheat Cultivars under Exposure to Elevated Ozone
Durgesh Singh Yadav | Bhavna Jaiswal | Shashi Bhushan Agrawal | Madhoolika Agrawal
Rising tropospheric ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) in the atmosphere is detrimental to crop’s productivity and is one of the reasons for a warmer climate. The present study describes diurnal changes in gaseous exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, ascorbic acid, and photoassimilate parameters in flag leaves of four Indian wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) cultivars (two early sown and two late sown cultivars) under ambient and elevated O<sub>3</sub> treatments, using the open-top chambers (OTCs). Results showed that the diurnal pattern of photosynthetic rate (<i>Ps</i>), sucrose, and ascorbic acid content varied according to changes in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and O<sub>3</sub> concentrations during the daytime and were maximum between 10:00 to 12:00. The present study suggested that elevated O<sub>3</sub> caused more negative effects on photosystem II in early sown compared to late sown cultivars. The greater loss of photosynthesis led to lower production of photoassimilates in early sown cultivars, which utilized more assimilates in ascorbic acid formation for detoxification of ROS formed due to elevated O<sub>3</sub>. This work will also help to identify the robustness of physiological machinery in different wheat cultivars under elevated levels of O<sub>3</sub>, and may be used for selection of suitable cultivars during future breeding programs.
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