Dietary behaviours of young South Asians in Australia: insights from a qualitative study

Abstract Objectives: To describe the drivers of dietary behaviours among young South Asian adults (18–35 years) in Australia and examine the influence of acculturation and the host environment in shaping these behaviours. Design: A cross-sectional qualitative study design was used to collect data through Zoom focus groups. The analysis of the qualitative data followed Vears and Gilliam’s inductive content analysis approach. Demographic data were presented descriptively, and the findings were reported in accordance with the standard for reporting qualitative research. Setting: Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Participants: A total of twenty-one young South Asian migrants (aged 18–35 years), mostly from India and Pakistan, participated in four online focus groups. Results: Six main themes were identified, highlighting the complex interplay of acculturation, cultural identity, family influence and other socio-economic factors in shaping dietary behaviours. (1) Acculturation and exposure to diverse cuisines, (2) interplay between religion and culture during special occasions, (3) influence of social networks and community norms, (4) structural and practical constraints shaping food choices, (5) shifting perceptions around healthy eating and (6) empowerment through knowledge. Participants reported incorporating Western and multicultural cuisines, often balancing convenience and cultural preferences. Conclusions: Numerous drivers, including but not limited to acculturation and the host environment, influence the dietary behaviours of young South Asian adults in Australia. Despite limitations in representativeness, the study provides valuable insights highlighting the need for inclusive health promotion efforts for Australia’s growing South Asian population.