The whipworm, Trichuris vulpis, dwells in the caecum and infrequently the colon in the dog. The present study aimed to detect trichuriasis in shelter dogs in Kirikkale province, Türkiye. The other reports originated from Türkiye on trichuriasis were addressed together with the results. The investigation was conducted from January through December of 2022. The faecal samples were obtained from 200 dogs (mixed breed, older than 1 year) from two different shelters in Kirikkale. The faecal samples were analysed by centrifugal flotation both zinc sulfate and saturated salt solution. Trichuris spp. eggs were only found in 0.5% of the faeces (1/200), while other parasite eggs or oocysts were found in 21.5% of the faeces examined (43/200). The eggs of Toxocara spp. (6%, 12/200), Toxascaris sp. (2.5%, 5/200), Taenia spp. (2.5%, 5/200), hookworm eggs (0.5%, 1/200), Isospora spp. oocysts (11%) (22/200) and Sarcocystis spp. sporocysts (0.5%, 1/200) were detected. Only 3/200 (1.5%) of the dogs evaluated had mixed infections. Regarding the detection of all parasite eggs and oocysts, the zinc sulfate flotation technique outperformed the flotation with saturated salt solution. Canine trichuriasis has rarely been reported in Türkiye. The results of this study also support the previous reports.

The stiff structure of the body, or skeleton, provides the body with its overall form, permits movement, generates blood cells, and protects delicate organs. This research was done to prepare the quail (Coturnix coturnix) skeleton for the avian anatomy museum and educational facilities. A total of five matured Quails (at the age of 6 months) were collected from a commercial quail farm, in Khulna, Bangladesh. The carotid artery and jugular vein were carefully dissected before skinning each quail with feathers, removing all viscera, combs, and wattles. To adequately disintegrate the muscles, ligaments, and tendons, different body sections of the bones were separated, wrapped in markin cloth, and cooked in a 3% solution of soda water for 1.5 hours. The body parts were then maintained in separate solutions for 5 days. After five days, the bones were thoroughly cleaned by soaking them in a 5% hydrogen peroxide solution for 30 minutes, and rinse them under running water. To maintain the order of the vertebrae in the various segments, a steel wire was inserted into the vertebral foramen. After proper sun drying for 25 days, a set of bony components from different parts (axial and appendicular) of the body was finally found and articulated to rise into a whole skeletal frame. Therefore, the present work denotes time-consuming and easy preparation of the avian skeleton as well as the skeletal framework will be helpful for veterinary students in the avian anatomy laboratory as well as to enhance the elegance of the anatomy museum.

A pluriparous non-descript doe was presented with the history of dystocia. Clinical investigation revealed the presence of closed cervix and lodged multiple foetuses in the tract. Laparo-hysterotomy was performed and four foetuses were relieved, of which one was alive, one was still born and the other two were mummified. Thus the present report describes the incidence of quadruplets in a doe comprising of dual mummies along with a stillborn and a live kid.

A pug dog was presented to Small Animal Outpatient Unit of Madras Veterinary College with the history of oral administration of 2.5 tablets of 500 mg acetaminophen. Physical examination of animal revealed a dull and depressed with pale mucous membrane. Haematological values were within normal range and biochemistry report revealed elevated Alanine amino transferase enzyme which indicated the hepatotoxic adverse effect of acetaminophen. Normal saline was administered intravenously. N-acetyl Cystine was administered @140 mg/kg intravenously after diluting in 5% dextrose. The owner was advised to give oral N-Acetyl cystine tablets at a dose rate of 70 mg/kg after 6 hrs and to repeat as such seven times. Oral liver supplements containing S-Adenosyl methionine and silybin was prescribed and advised to give at the dose rate of 5 ml/10 kg body weight. Hematinics was prescribed and advised to give orally at a dose rate of 2.5 ml/5 kg body weight twice daily.

A five year old Large White Yorkshire sow gave birth to a conjoined cephalothoracopagus, which was stillborn.

In the present study, red acrylic delta traps were fabricated and evaluated in piggery and cattle farms to trap house flies. Two different pellet baits; one containing (Z)-9-Tricosene, fish meal and molasses (FMP) and other with added antioxidant, butylated hydroxy toluene (FMPB) were used in the traps. In piggery and cattle farms, the traps were suspended at a height of six feet from ground level using metal wires at a distance of three meters between each trap. Each trial was conducted for seven days and the trial was repeated six times continuously without replacement of baits. Trapped flies were counted after each trial. In piggery farm, a total of 1232 flies were trapped, out of which 454 and 778 flies were trapped in FMP and FMPB pellet baited traps, respectively. Total number of flies trapped in the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth week of the study period was 308, 247, 196, 133, 204 and 144, respectively. In cattle farm, a total of 435 flies were trapped, out of which 160 flies were trapped in FMP pellet baited traps and remaining 63.21 per cent (275 flies) were trapped in FMPB pellet baited traps. Total number of flies trapped in the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth week of the study period was 134, 96, 82, 55, 27 and 41, respectively. The variation in trap catches of flies in traps baited with FMP and FMPB pellets was highly significant in both piggery (χ2 value = 170.42** p<0.01) and cattle farms (χ2 value 60.80** p<0.01). Delta traps were found effective in luring house flies and can be used in livestock farms to control house flies. 

Dairy farming plays an important role in social and economic livelihood of the farmers of Telangana state. An investigation was carried out to study the cost of milk production in buffaloes of dairy farmers in Karimnagar, Khammam and Rangareddy districts of Telangana. The data was collected from 240 farmers spread over 24 villages in 6 mandals in the selected districts. The 240 respondents were interviewed as per the questionnaire. The statistical data revealed that 51.66 per cent of the respondents belonged to middle age group and 28.75 per cent of the respondents were educated up to secondary level (up to 10th class). Majority (42.91%) of the respondents belonged to backward caste. Most of the respondents belonged to medium sized family. Majority (62.08%) of the respondents had nuclear family. Majority (39.16) of the respondents have medium herd size of animals and 40 per cent respondents were having annual income of medium level (Rs.75,000-150,000). Most (76.66%) of the respondents had membership in at least one organization, 35 per cent were marginal farmers, 67.91 per cent respondents followed agriculture + dairying as main source of income. Majority 48.75 per cent had extension contacts with gopalamitra, paravet, VAS/AD (AH). 

Buffaloes have high productive potential but poor manifestations of oestrus signs and silent oestrus act as a major constraint in buffaloes affecting their reproduction. There are several detection tools used for detection and confirmation of oestrus in cattle but none of the methods have succeeded to overcome the problem of silent estrus in buffaloes. In recent years proteomics approach has gained much attention to identify proteins associated with various physiological and disease conditions in saliva and cervico vaginal fluid mostly in humans and up to certain extent in cattle and buffaloes. In this study twelve pluriparous Murrah buffaloes aged 4 to 7 years with good body condition were selected and divided into group I (regular oestrus), group II (silent oestrus). Each group carries six animals and saliva was collected at proestrus (day -3), oestrus (day 0) and diestrus stage (day 7). Cervico vaginal fluid (CVF) was collected only at oestrum stage. Protein profiling of saliva were studied by SDS - PAGE analysis. The SDS-PAGE analysis showed proteins of molecular weight 150, 110, 80, 40 kDa during proestrus; 150, 120, 70 and 50 kDa during oestrus; 250, 150, 90, 50 and 37 kDa during diestrus in group I buffaloes. Similarly, proteins of molecular weight 250, 150, 100, 80 and 25 kDa during proestrus; 150, 100, 75 and 50 kDa during oestrus and 250, 100,75 and 25 kDa during diestrus were observed  in group II buffaloes. The SDS-PAGE analysis of CVF showed proteins of molecular weight of 100 and 75 kDa in group I buffaloes and 250 and 150 kDa in group II buffaloes. Oestrus specific proteins with different molecular weights were identified in terms of different bands size. However further study is warranted to find out their role during oestrus in regular and silent oestrus buffaloes for the development of specific diagnostic assay.

A 2  month old male German shepherd dog was presented to Veterinary Clinical Complex, Small Animal Surgery Unit of Madras Veterinary College, Chennai with the history of persistent regurgitation for 15 days. Plain and positive contrast radiographic evaluation revealed the dilated oesophagus cranial to the heart and tracheal deviation with constriction at the base of the heart. Surgical correction through resection of persistent ligamentum arteriosum around the oesophagus under general anaesthetic procedure. Post operative plain and contrast radiographic procedure revealed no evidence of barium stasis in the course of oesophagus and complete resolution of regurgitation. Recovery was good and normal feeding habit noticed 14th post operative day.

Fracture comprises one of the major surgical cases having serious impinge on small ruminants causing lameness. A retrospective study was undertaken on incidence of long bone fractures in reference to metacarpal and metatarsal in goats. Among 893 cases, 344 (38.5%) cases had fracture. Incidence according to the bone involved; metacarpal (28.4%), metatarsal (22.9%), tibia (15.9%), femur (14.2%), radius and ulna (11%) and humerus (8.13%). Fractures with special reference to the age, sex, nature, type, location in metacarpal and metatarsal were taken for the study. The age of animals with metacarpal fracture ranged from twenty days to 3 years and had a mean age of 9 months whereas metatarsal fracture ranged from one month to 2.5 years and had a mean age of 1.2 years. Out of 176 goats with metacarpal (98) and metatarsal (76) fractures, male goats (65.3%) and (68.4%) were mostly affected than female. Open fractures were 33% whereas closed fractures were of 67%. Fracture due to automobile accident in metacarpal (45.9%) and metatarsal (31.5%) was found to be the most common cause of fracture in goats.