Vitellogenin (Vtg), a phospholipoglycoprotein precursor of egg yolk is synthesized and secreted from the liver in response to estrogens in femals fish. Vtg is normally undetectable in the blood of male fish, but can be induced by exposure to chemicals possessing estrogenic activity. Thus, the presence of Vtg in blood of male fish can serve as a useful biomarker for assessing previous exposure to estrogenic compounds. In the present study, Vtg was abnormally expressed in Rhynchocypris oxycephalus using estradiol benzoate (E₂).

A 6-month-old thoroughbred filly foal had torticollis and circled towards the right side. A local veterinarian treated her twice using dexamethasone for 1 week but there was little clinical improvement. Needles were inserted into Ting points of both hind limb and one ocular acupoint (shang jiao area from GB01). Injection acupuncture (dexamethasone, twice/week) was used at GV16, GB20, BL10 and LU07, for the neck and head. Acupoint GB34 was added to those points at session 4. In addition, a trigger point in the left neck was injected with 0.2 ml (200 μg of apitoxin) of bee-venom diluted with 1 ml of 2% lidocaine from session 1 to session 3.

About 8 year-old castrated male Yorkshire terrier was presented for evaluation of dysuria, stranguria, hemtauria, and pollakiuria. On history taking, dysuria first was observed three months ago and these signs were waxed and waned. Physical examination revealed mild left perineal swelling. On routine laboratory examination, no significant findings were identified. Positive contrast urogram identified peritoneal herniation of urinary bladder. Urinalysis showed proteinuria and hematuria.

We established an in vitro experimental system using the following procedure. We first introduced tritium-labeled norepinephrine ([³H]-NE) into PC12 cells. The [³H]-NE incorporated into PC12 cells were then stimulated by a high concentration (60 mM) of K+ buffer during 12 minutes. Then, we collected 100 μl supernatant and counted the amount of [³H]-NE release from PC12 cells with a scintillation counter. After screening fungal, Streptomyces spp. or bacterial product using this experimental sytem, we obtained FS11052 from Streptomyces spp. which inhibited [³H]-NE release from PC12 cells.

All-trans retinoic acid (AtRA) induces growth inhibition and apoptosis in a variety of tumer cells, including MCF-7 cells. Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) system has been reported to be associated with the development of cancer. Although MCF-7 cell with AtRA is to be the major stimulus for the cell growth and apoptosis, the mechanism of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I)/insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) system remains to be elucidated. Thus, this study was conducted to the effect of AtRA on the gene expression and level of IGF-I and IGFBP-3.

Pasteurella multocida is a terrible veterinary pathogen that causes widespread infections in husbandry. To induce homologous and/or heterologous immunity against the infections, outer membrane protein Hs (OmpH) in the envelope of different strains of P. multocida are thought to be attractive vaccine candidates. Previously we cloned and characterized a gene for OmpH from pathogenic P. multocida (A:3) (In Press, Korean J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2005, 33, December).

Shiga toxin (stx) producing Escherichia coli (STEC) causes various clinical signs in animal and himan. In this study, 255 fecal samples from samples from calves showing diarrhea were collected from cattle farms in Chonnam province during the period from January 2005 to July 2005. Twenty six STEC (10%) were isolated from 255 fecal samples by PCR. The isolates displayed three different stx combinations (stx1[69%], stx1 and stx2 [15%], and stx2 [38%]). The isolates were further studied for virulence associated genes and antimicrobial resistance to define the virulence properties.

A stochastic simulation model incorporated with Reed-Frost approach was derived for evaluating diagnostic performance of a test used for a screening program of an infectious disease. The Reed-Frost model was used to characterize the within-herd spread of the disease using a hypothetical example. Specifically, simulation model was aimed to estimate the number infected animals in an infected herd, in which imperfect serologic tests are performed on samples taken from herds and to illustrate better interpreting survey results at herd-level when uncertainty inevitably exists.

A 6-year-old female Jindo dog weighing 20 kg was presented to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University for the formation of crust and erosion of the nasal bridge and planum, and for alopecia of ear margin. Erythema, crusts, alopecia and erosions were present in the nasal planum and the bridge of the nose on physical examination. There were no abnormalities on CBC, serum chemistry, and basic dermatologic examination which included skin scraping, bacterial cultures, and fungal cultures.

Objective-To evaluate the effect of medetomidine on minimum alveolar concentration (MAC), respiratory rate, tidal volume, minute volume (V(M)), and maximum inspiratory occlusion pressure (IOCP(max)) in halothane- and isoflurane-anesthetized dogs. Animals-6 healthy adult dogs (3 males and 3 females). Procedure-The MAC of both inhalants was determined before and 5, 30, and 60 minutes after administration of medetomidine (5 microgram/kg, IV). Dogs were subsequently anesthetized by administration of halothane or isoflurane and administered saline (0.9% NaCl) solution IV or medetomidine (5 microgram/kg, IV). Respiratory variables and IOCP(max) were measured at specific MAC values 15 minutes before and 5, 30, and 60 minutes after IV administration of medetomidine while dogs breathed 0% and 10% fractional inspired carbon dioxide (FICO2). Slopes of the lines for V(M)/FICO2 and IOCP(max)/FICO2 were then calculated. Results-Administration of medetomidine decreased MAC of both inhalants. Slope of V(M)/FICO2 increased in dogs anesthetized with halothane after administration of medetomidine, compared with corresponding values in dogs anesthetized with isoflurane. Administration of medetomidine with a simultaneous decrease in inhalant concentration significantly increased the slope for V(M)/FICO2, compared with values after administration of saline solution in dogs anesthetized with halothane but not isoflurane. Values for IOCP(max) did not differ significantly between groups. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Equipotent doses of halothane and isoflurane have differing effects on respiration that are most likely attributable to differences in drug effects on central respiratory centers. Relatively low doses of medetomidine decrease the MAC of halothane and isoflurane in dogs.