The study was conducted in Udaipur district of Rajasthan state selected purposely keeping in view of the fact that the district has highest population of  livestock in southern Rajasthan. A sample of 120 respondents was selected for the present study. The results indicated that a majority of farmers had medium level of Coordinating ability. Half (50%) of the small dairy farmers were found to have medium level of Planning ability while majority of medium category of dairy farmers had medium level of decision-making ability whereas in case of large farmer’s category, 58.82% of them exhibited high level of risk of dairy farming enterprise. The correlation analysis revealed the independent variables viz age, education, annual income, training, occupation, scientific orientation, extension and mass media were positively and significantly correlated with farmer’s Coordinating ability. However,  education, training, annual income, economic motivation, scientific orientation, market orientation, mass media were found to have positively and significant correlation with Planning ability of the respondents. The determinants, training, occupation, extension, annual income, mass media, economic motivation and scientific orientation were important variables which influenced Coordinating ability and Planning ability of dairy entrepreneurs.

A 3 year old Spitz- Pomeranian mixed breed was presented with a history of bilateral hind limb lameness and walking in abnormal gait since birth. Radiographic diagnosis revealed bilateral lateral luxation of patella with deformity of both stifles. Surgical correction of congenital deformity was done on right hind limb using the technique of trochlear wedge resection sulcoplasty (TWRS) and transposition of tibial tuberosity (TT) which showed normal weight bearing and good functional outcome on 50th post-operative day.

A four month old calf weighing 69 kg was attended at door step in the position of lateral recumbency with a history of anorexia, dyspnoea and voiding coffee coloured urine. Physical examination revealed subnormal temperature, pale mucous membrane, tachycardia with haemic murmur, tachypnoea and pounding femoral pulse. Examination of the blood smear revealed Babesia bigemina and complete blood count findings were reduced haematological parameters RBC–(1.5x10 6 ), PCV–(14%) and Hb–(3.5mg/dL). Based on the clinical and laboratory findings, the case was confirmed as Babesiosis and the calf was treated with Inj. Diminazene aceturate (Berenil) @ 3.5 mg/kg deep IM, Inj. Oxytetracycline @ 22 mg /kg IV and Inj. Ferritas 3 ml I/M on day 1. Subsequently on day 2 calf was transfused with two units (700 ml) of fresh whole blood as emergency treatment with dexamethasone @ 0.2 mg/kg BW IV, Avil 0.25 mg/kg IM. The calf was completely cured on day five and day 10 blood smear was negative for Babesia bigemina.

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of sex on growth pattern and carcass characters of commercial broilers. One hundred and twenty numbers of day-old chicks were wing banded, weighed and reared up to 40 days of age. The body weight was individually recorded from all the birds on 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 40 days of age to assess the influence of gender on body weight. At the end of the experiment 12 males and 12 females were subjected to slaughter studies to assess the carcass characters. The body weight between males and females were similar up to 14 days of age and thereafter, males recorded significantly (p<0.01) higher body weights on 21, 28, 35, 40 days of age, weighing 35.79, 107.69, 179.73, 211.88 g respectively higher than females. The ready-to-cook weight (%) and dressed carcass (%) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in males; whereas, New York carcass (%) was significantly (p<0.05) higher in females. Among the cut of parts, the drumstick percentage was significantly (p<0.05) higher in males, whereas, the wings percentage was significantly (p<0.05) higher in females. Among processing yields and losses, only shank & feet and abdominal fat (%) showed significant (p<0.05) difference between sexes; while, feather, blood, head, viscera, kidney and total offal yields had non-significant difference between sexes. Among giblets, only the heart yield was significantly (p<0.05) different between sexes with higher value in females. The results showed that the males attain marketable weight early, therefore can be marketed early. The males can be slaughtered earlier than females for producing specialized products from drumstick; whereas, females can be slaughtered early to harvest drumette.

The study aimed to characterise the genetic diversity of Kangayam, Umblachery, Alambadi, Bargur, Pulikulam, Deoni and Ongole cattle breeds present in South India. A total of 96 animals were genotyped for 27 FAO-recommended microsatellite loci. The genotypes were analysed using various bioinformatics tools. A total of 1340 alleles were observed across the 27 microsatellite markers and 7 breeds, with allele count ranging from 6 to 13. The average number of observed alleles obtained in Alambadi, Bargur, Deoni, Kangayam, Ongole, Pulikulam and Umbalacherry cattle were 6.59 ±2.15, 6.96 ± 2.05, 7.52 ±2.42, 6.19 ±2.32, 6.67 ± 2.11, 8.07 ± 2.13 and 7.63 ± 2.34, respectively. The highest number (Na=14) of alleles was observed in Deoni, whereas the lowest number (Na=3) of alleles was noticed in Ongole, Kangayam and Alambadi breeds of cattle. Most of the microsatellite markers were considered informative (PIC > 0.50) and the PIC values showed a significant positive correlation with the number of alleles (r = .517, p = .006), regardless of differences in allele size. The dendrogram among the seven breeds revealed that the Alambadi and Bargur breeds of cattle formed one cluster, while the Kangayam, Umblacherry and Ongole cattle were distinctly different from all other breeds of cattle.

The prevalence of haemoparasites in dogs in different regions of Andhra Pradesh was presented in this study. The overall prevalence of haemoparasitic infection was 35.0 and 48.23 per cent in Rayalaseema and Coastal Andhra regions, respectively. Statistically, there was no significant (P>0.05) relationship between the region and prevalence of haemoparasites in dogs. Infection with single haemoparasite and co-infection with more than one haemoparasites was non-significantly higher (32.62% and 15.60%, respectively) in dogs of Coastal Andhra than in Rayalaseema region (27.50% and 7.50%, respectively). The prevalence of Babesia spp., Ehrlichia canis and Hepatozoon canis was non-significantly (P>0.05) high in Coastal Andhra than in Rayalaseema region. Among three species identified Babesia spp. were the most prevalent species in dogs in two regions. Co-infection with Babesia spp. and E. canis (10.06%; P>0.05) was more frequently observed in dogs in Coastal Andhra region than in dogs of Rayalaseema region (6.25 %). 

The study designed to assess the normal reproductive tract involution in postpartum crossbred Jersey cows. Pluriparous crossbred Jersey cows (n = 10) which had recently calved were subjected to ultrasonographic assessment for postpartum involution once in two days till complete involution. The results showed that the involution time required for the vagina and cervix was 23 and 29 days respectively. The Mean ± SE of vaginal and cervical involution (cm) varied from 2.15±0.07 to 1.12±0.07 and 3.76±0.10 to 1.74±0.09 respectively. The uterine involution (cm) of gravid and non-gravid horn diverge from 4.27±0.12 and 3.47±0.14 to 1.89±0.13 and 1.67±0.14 respectively from day 4 to 23. The present findings document the reference value and period of reproductive tract postpartum involution in crossbred Jersey cows.   

Fifteen days old Jersey crossbred calf was brought to the hospital with the history of sudden hair fall around the trunk and legs and the other calf was apparently normal in twin birth. Clinical examination revealed severe alopecia in both fore limbs, hind limbs, trunks and easy epilation of hairs, along with erythematous skin and pruritus and mild scaling around its thighs, flanks and trunk. Dermatological analysis of skin scrapings revealed negative for ectoparasites and trichogram showed no hair growth abnormalities. Haemato-biochemical parameters were in normal range except low plasma ascorbic acid (0.16 mg/dL). The case was diagnosed as vitamin C responsive dermatosis and treated with single dose of intravenous injection of 2.5 g of ascorbic acid diluted with normal saline. The owner was advised to follow tab. vitamin C total dose of 2 g/day for 10 days orally. After one week, further hair was loss ceased and complete regrowth of hair noticed after four weeks of treatment. 

Abnormalities in size and growth has been observed in the young ones of angel fish (Pterophyllum scalare) of the same brood. Morphological measurements confirm the abnormalities in the affected specimens. As per the reports available, methylene blue treatment during the early life stages may have a teratogenic effect which led to such conditions in angel fish.  

A study was conducted to record the gross thickness of skin in various regions of the body at different age groups on Bakerwali goats. The animals were divided into three age groups viz, neonatal, young and adult. The thickness of skin increased with advancement of age. Neck dorsal showed the maximum thickness and thorax ventral showed the minimum thickness among the different regions in all the groups studied.