Two hundreds of different food samples i.e. cream, beef meat, frozen beef meat, burger,cooked rice and minced rice were collected from local markets in Basrah city. The testedsamples of each food type were found to be contaminated with Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) in aratio of 36.36 % for cream, 26.47 % for beef meat, 50 % for frozen beef meat, 36.36 % forburger, 18.18 % for cooked rice and 51.51 % for minced rice. Mannitol egg-yolk agar (MYP)supplemented with polymyxin B sulfate is a selective media used for isolation. Identification ofthe isolate was done by detection of 16SrDNA and conformed by sequencing. Antimicrobialsusceptibility test was used for screening the isolates, which were resistance to tetracycline.Bacillus cereus isolates were resistance to tetracycline TE 30 mg/disc (100 %) in cream and (0%) in cooked rice. Polymerase chain reaction was used for detection of the presence oftetracycline resistance gene in the percentage 32 % and 44% for tet (K) and tet (L), respectively.

Extraction of Amygdalin from apple seeds by alcoholic extraction procedure were doneand applied a high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) procedure for quantification ofit to investigate extraction efficiency and (16) bacterial isolates ( 4 isolates of Staphylococcusaureus, 4 isolates of Escherichia coli , 4 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 4 isolates ofStreptococcus pyogenes from skin infections samples are choose by accomplished of drugsensitivity tests as a multidrug resistant, the antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract ofAmygdalin from crushed apple seeds was tested against each group of four pathogenic bacteriaspecies of gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes ) and gramnegative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) by well diffusion method, the resultsshown that plant extract gave antibacterial activity through the inhibition zone , but theconcentration of the raw material was more inhibited than the dilute substance concentration,inhibition of the substance was obtained on all types of bacteria were in Staphylococcus aureus,inhibition zone of substances concentrations (100 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml) were (40, 28 mm)respectively , in Pseudomonas aeruginosa inhibition zone of substances concentrations (100mg/ml, 50 mg/ml) were (50, 35 mm) respectively, in Escherichia coli, inhibition zone ofsubstances concentrations (100 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml) were (40, 25 mm) respectively, also thisresults showed that three types of bacteria above were inhibited in synergistic effect, whileinhibition zone of Streptococcus pyogenes in concentration 100 mg/ml was 30 mm and inconcentration 50 mg/ml was 20 mm.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of metoclopramidealone or as a combination with diphenhydramine. The type of interaction between twodrugs also determined at level of acute pain centrally and peripherally using hot-plateand writhing test in male mice. The individual ED50 value of metoclopramide anddiphenhydramine for induction of antinociceptive effect was at 30.7 mg/kg,ip and0.57mg/kg, sc ,respectively. While combined this ED50 value of diphenhydramine andmetoclopramide at several ratios (1:1, 0.5:1, 0.5:0.5 and 0.25:1) respectively,produced synergism interaction between two drugs at all ratios (except the final ratio,produced antagonism). This combination decreased the ED50 of each drug andproduced good antinociceptive effect in male mice at centrally level. Concomitantadministration of metoclopramide ip and diphenhydramine sc at double doses of ED50for each drug, also produced good analgesic effect at visceral pain level, whichinduced by acetic acid in writhing test. Avery effective and safe antinociceptive effectand also achieved using combination of metoclopramide and diphenhydramine atsedative doses (not analgesic).The results suggested that synergism (super-additive)interaction of diphenhydramine and metoclopramide combination was a good and safeantinociceptive effect produced by a combination of sedative dose for each drug . Thecombination of these drugs very important in practice of the veterinary medicine.

In present study the effect of feeding frequency on some health aspects (biologicalparameters) of fingerling of common carp were investigated. Three groups of common carp(average weight4.31±0.1 g) designed with three feeding frequencies one meal a day (D1),two meals a day (D2) and three meals a day (D3) with three replicates of each treatment. Fishin experimental treatments were fed by 4% of body weight. No significant differencesobserved in Hepatosomatic Index, Gill Index and muscle ratio (Weight without Viscera andWeight without Viscera & Head) in all feeding frequencies, feeding one and two time perday were significantly higher than three times/ day in each of Kidney index and SpleenIndex. Intestine weight index was significantly higher in T2 and T3, Intestine Length Indexwas higher significantly in T3.

Mastitis is affects the mammary gland tissue and is accompanied by chemical,physical and bacterial changes in milk. There are several bacterial pathogens thatcause mastitis which differs in its effect on the glandular tissue of the udder. Thecurrent study was conducted at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University ofBasrah, in order to determine the effect of mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureusand the extent of the disease importance events to determine the blood parameters,including the total number of red blood cells, the total number of white blood cells,hemoglobin level, and packed cell volume in infected with buffalo Mastitis incomparison to non-infected animals, which were considered a control group. A totalof (75) milk samples from mastitis infected buffalo were collected from different siteof northern of Basra, only twenty five isolates (33.3%) characterized asStaphylococcus aureus by conventional biochemical tests. The study showed asignificant increase in white blood cells, and liver enzymes (AST&ALT), whilesignificant decrease in red blood cell count as well as total cholesterol and differenceswere observed in total protein when compared with non-infected animals group.

This study was designed to evaluate the ameliorating role of CoQ10 and DHEA and theircombination on norfloxacin induced maternal toxicity and fetal growth retardation in pregnantfemale rats and their fetuses. Twenty pregnant rats were divided equally into 5 groups, 4 animalsper each group as following: Control group (G1): 4 normal pregnant female received0.5ml/animal/day DMSO by using gastric gavages from 5th - 19th day of gestation. First treatedgroup (T1): 4 normal pregnant female received 400 mg/kg norfloxacin daily by gastric gavagesas a single dose. Second treated group (T2): 4 normal pregnant female received orally 400 mg/kgnorfloxacin once daily and after 1hour later injected daily with CoQ10 200 mg/kg IP. Thirdtreated group (T3): 4 normal pregnant female received orally 400 mg/kg norfloxacin once dailyand after 1hour later injected daily with DHEA 25 mg/kg IP. Fourth treated group (T4): 4 normalpregnant female received orally 400 mg/kg norfloxacin once daily and after 1hour later injecteddaily with combination of CoQ10 200 mg/kg and DHEA 25 mg/kg IP for the same period. Alldams were sacrificed at 20th day of gestation and their fetuses were collected and subjected to themorphological examinations. The obtained results showed that exposure to norfloxacin inpregnant female rats during gestational period from 5th -19th day demonstrate clearly increased inresorbed and stillbirth fetuses (dead fetuses at birth), and caused a significant decreased in fetalbody weight, fetal body length, fetal tail length, maternal weight gain and placental weight. It has been concluded that CoQ10 and DHEA prevented and treated morphological anomalies in ratfetuses. Therefore, CoQ10 and DHEA are potential therapeutic antioxidant agents againstfetotoxicity induced by oxidative stress generated by norfloxacin intoxication

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of androgenic–anabolic steroids Sustanon 20 mg/ kg on oxidative stress. Twenty male rats weredivided into four groups treated for 4 weeks as once weekly treatment. The 1st groupconsidered as control group, the 2nd group injected with sustanon 20 mg/kgintramuscularly, the 3rd group injected with sustanon intramuscularly 20 mg/kg andthen orally dosage of vitamin E 100 mg\kg, and 4th group got orally dosage of vitaminE 100 mg/kg. The results revealed significant decrease in glutathione level in theserum and tissue of brain and liver in sustanon group as compared with control, whilethere is significant increase in malondialdehyde level in the serum of sustanon groupas compared with control The result showed no different between the groups treatedwith sustanon alone and with sustanon and vitamin E.All the pathological changes have been recorded for the sustanon group onlywhile there were no pathological changes for other groups. The gross pathologicalchanges showed congestion of heart and liver in sustanon group.. The microscopicchanges of heart showed vacuolar degeneration of cardiac cells and edema between it.Liver showed necrosis of hepatic cells, infiltration of inflammatory cells. Lungsrevealed pneumonia with thickening of wall of alveoli and bronchioles byinflammatory cells, and emphysema of alveoli. We conclude from this study that sustanon in high dose have an effect onincrease oxidative stress, macroscopic and microscopic pathological changes in heart,liver and lung, and no effect of vitamin E in this study

A total of nine mammary glands of bovine were collected from slaughterhouse in Basrah city and Surgical Department of Veterinary College forhistopathological examination. Histopathological examination of mammaryglands revealed that there was an acute, chronic, and necrotizing case inmammary gland tissue.

Heat shock proteins Hsp70 proteins belong to the heat shock protein family, boost cellssurvival in hostile environments, involved in many cellular biological processes. Thepolymorphism of hsp70 gene relates to the possibility of tolerating different stressconditions. This study was carried out during 1st April to 31th June 2016, 20 Arabi Rams,known fertility, 2 – 2.5 years old, from the Agricultural Research Station / College ofAgriculture / University of Basra, Iraq, were used, Semen was collected by using theartificial vagina, after training well. DNA extracted then Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)amplified sequencing, BLAST analysis and multiple sequence alignment were carried out.The results showed two haplotypes, haplotype G1 , haplotype G٢ compared with samegene in GenBank, all mutations were silent except the mutation is site 514 was missenseappeared in G1. It concluded that the Arabi rams in Iraq have new polymorphism ofhsp70 gene which can help cope with difficult environmental conditions

This work conducted on six healthy adult male (Gazella Subgutturosa) brought from naturalreserve in Qusaybah. The animals were slaughtered and the kidneys were quickly removed. TheRenal width, lengths at superior and inferior poles, thickness and the volume were measured. Adigital vernier caliper was used for performing the measurements. The right and left kidneyswere weighted by digital electrical balance. The data were statistically analyzed. The left andright kidneys were bean in shape, solid in texture and red to brown in color with smooth surface.Each kidney was covered by renal fascia and thin fibrous capsule, Para and pre-renal largeamount of adipose tissue were predominant. The mean weight of the right kidney was heavierthan the left kidney, the left kidney was located more caudally, the kidney/Body weight ratio was(1/303).The cortex medulla index was (1/4). The kidney of gazelle was anatomically similar tothe kidney of sheep and goat; the cortex medulla index revealed that the black-tail gazelle wasefficient for water conservation. The present study has provided important information on therenal morphometry which will be use for wild animal medicine and surgery.