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[Conceptual elements for agroindustry and its presence in rural areas]
1988
Planella Villagra, I.
Destaca que el desarrollo agroindustrial constituye la unica salida para la modernizacion agricola, ya que la puesta en marcha de agroindustrias arrastra e incorpora la tecnologia al campo y la hace rentable. Es por esta razon, que los elementos de desarrollo agroindustrial e instrumentos incentivadores deben ser coherentes y permitir integrar las partes que constituyen las empresas agroindustriales. Presenta el marco conceptual de la agroindustria, indicando que se fundamenta en tres elementos integrados y vinculados entre si: produccion primaria, industrializacion y la comercializacion, todo ello en funcion de los mercados. Analiza el rol de la agroindustria como sistema para el diseno de politicas, las formas asociativas de produccion (FAS) y la agroindustria, senalando la razon del por que, entre las empresas privadas, las FAS (cooperativas, asociaciones, etc.) son las que han tenido mayor dificultad para establecer empresas agroindustriales. Finalmente, explica la estrategia que permita la instalacion y desarrollo de empresas agroindustriales en una region o en un pais, para lo cual es necesario considerar el marco institucional, tanto a nivel estatal como privado. Describe este enfoque agroindustrial intersectorial e interinstitucional
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Training guide: gender and climate change research in agriculture and food security for rural development Полный текст
2012
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Training guide: gender and climate change research in agriculture and food security for rural development Полный текст
2012
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
It is widely accepted that agricultural development will be severely curtailed without addressing the risks and capitalizing on the opportunities posed by climate change (FAO, 2010b). The agriculture sector must adapt to the impacts of climate change in order to provide food security to the world’s growing population. At the same time agriculture must mitigate its contributions to climate change (13.5 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions) in order to slow the progression of this global challenge (FAO, 2009). Concurrently, it is internationally recognized that addressing gender issues in agriculture reduces hunger and poverty. In fact, it is estimated that more than 100 million people could be lifted out of poverty if women had the same access to and control of resources as men (FAO, 2011a). Although they are important food producers and providers, women presently have limited access to and control of resources. However, to date, these ideas – that climate change and gender issues are integral parts of agricultural development – have not been implemented in an effective way. This guide seeks to fill that gap by supporting work to investigate the gender dimensions of responding to climate change in the agriculture and food security sectors. The final goals are to improve food production, livelihood security and gender equality in the context of the changing climate.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Training guide: gender and climate change research in agriculture and food security for rural development Полный текст
2012
food and agriculture organization of the united nations
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 'Training guide: gender and climate change research in agriculture and food security for rural development', Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2012 | It is widely accepted that agricultural development will be severely curtailed without addressing the risks and capitalizing on the opportunities posed by climate change (FAO, 2010b). The agriculture sector must adapt to the impacts of climate change in order to provide food security to the world�??s growing population. At the same time agriculture must mitigate its contributions to climate change (13.5 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions) in order to slow the progression of this global challenge (FAO, 2009). Concurrently, it is internationally recognized that addressing gender issues in agriculture reduces hunger and poverty. In fact, it is estimated that more than 100 million people could be lifted out of poverty if women had the same access to and control of resources as men (FAO, 2011a). Although they are important food producers and providers, women presently have limited access to and control of resources. However, to date, these ideas �?? that climate change and gender issues are integral parts of agricultural development �?? have not been implemented in an effective way. This guide seeks to fill that gap by supporting work to investigate the gender dimensions of responding to climate change in the agriculture and food security sectors. The final goals are to improve food production, livelihood security and gender equality in the context of the changing climate
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Integrating science and traditional knowledge to achieve sustainable development in Morocco
1996
Firdawcy, M.L. (African Association of Faculties, Rabat (Morocco))
Distance education for environmental management at Wye College
1996
Redclift, M. | Smith, P. (Wye Coll. (United Kingdom))
A learning approach to sustainable agriculture and rural development: reflections from Hawkesbury
1996
Bawden, R. (Western Sydney Univ., Hawkesbury (Australia). Faculty of Agriculture and Rural Development)
Gender, rural youth and structural transformation: Evidence to inform innovative youth programming Полный текст
2019
Doss, Cheryl | Heckert, Jessica | Myers, Emily | Pereira, Audrey | Quisumbing, Agnes R.
The transition to adulthood is marked by interrelated changes in the areas of education, employment and family formation. Using frameworks on gendered transitions to adulthood and links between assets and livelihoods, we analyse nationally representative, sex-disaggregated data from 42 countries to characterize rural youths’ transition to adulthood by gender and according to a four-category typology of low and high levels of structural and rural transformation. Overall, we find that young women and men experience the transition to adulthood differently according to the structural and rural transformation classification of the countries where they live. Across all structural and rural transformation categories, young women are more likely to be married and living with their spouses or in-laws, less likely to be in school or employed, and less likely to own land solely. Gender gaps in secondary school education favour young women only in countries with higher levels of structural and rural transformation, and favour young men in the other three categories. Moreover, a larger proportion of young women than young men are not in education, employment, or training (NEET), but many NEET youth, especially young women, have transitioned into domestic and reproductive roles (i.e. are more likely to be married and/or have children.) Additionally, we review impact evaluations of interventions targeting youth. We find limited evidence on the gendered impacts of such programmes, and these programmes seldom consider how constraints differ for young men and young women. Addressing gaps in programmes and building an evidence base on the gendered impact of interventions can provide insights into how gender roles can simultaneously limit options and offer opportunities to young rural women and men in the context of structural and rural transformation.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Livelihoods and rural wealth distribution among farm households in western Kenya : Implications for rural development, poverty alleviation interventions and peace Полный текст
2008
Chianu, Jonas N. | Ajani, OIY
The study examined livelihoods and wealth distribution among farm households in western Kenya. Stratified random sampling was used to select 252 households from eight districts. Focus group discussions were used to collect complementary community-level data. Results indicate that average household size was seven persons. The cropping system was over 70% mixed. Agriculture was the main source of livelihoods. Labour was mainly allocated to crop enterprises, with household heads allocating > 50% of their labour to it. Maize (Zea mays) and common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) were the most important staple/traded food crops. Poultry, followed by cattle dominated livestock enterprises. Few households diversified into small businesses, employment and artisan to enhance livelihoods. Despite this, 5 – 95% of people remained food insecure. Lack of cash and limited land access were the most important factors constraining agricultural development. Although, most households preferred selling produce in markets where prices were better, many not only sold produce but purchased inputs from nearest towns due to high costs of accessing better price markets. Wealth inequality among households was very high, with household wealth Gini-coefficient of 0.52 and per capita wealth Gini-coefficient of 0.55, calling for better interventions targeting to reach most vulnerable/marginal groups and create all-inclusive opportunities.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Revitalized agriculture for balanced growth and resilient livelihoods: Toward a rural development strategy for Mon State Полный текст
2016
Center for Economic and Social Development | International Food Policy Research Institute | Michigan State University
The purpose of this report is to provide national- and state-level policymakers, private-sector investors, civil society, and donors with an analysis of the rural economy of Mon State and pathways to improved prosperity for its population. The analysis is based on a representative survey of rural households, which make up 73 percent of Mon State’s 2 million residents, and extensive interviews with farmers, traders, processors, local leaders, and government officials. Whereas some parts of the Mon State economy are quite dynamic, such as construction, others are stagnant and far from reaching their full potential. Furthermore, the dynamic sectors are heavily dependent on remittances from migrants to neighboring countries. The current pattern of donor investment is heavily focused on necessary infrastructure and energy investments, but with only very limited support to productive sectors, especially agriculture and fisheries. Major investments in education, both formal and vocational training, are also necessary to support the growth of a modern economy. The analysis in this report identifies options for more balanced growth, leading to a vibrant economy in which returning migrants can invest and find employment.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Gender, rural youth and structural transformation: Evidence to inform innovative youth programming Полный текст
2019
Doss, Cheryl | Heckert, Jessica | Myers, Emily | Pereira, Audrey | Quisumbing, Agnes R.
Gender, rural youth and structural transformation: Evidence to inform innovative youth programming Полный текст
2019
Doss, Cheryl | Heckert, Jessica | Myers, Emily | Pereira, Audrey | Quisumbing, Agnes R.
The transition to adulthood is marked by interrelated changes in the areas of education, employment and family formation. Using frameworks on gendered transitions to adulthood and links between assets and livelihoods, we analyse nationally representative, sex-disaggregated data from 42 countries to characterize rural youths’ transition to adulthood by gender and according to a four-category typology of low and high levels of structural and rural transformation. Overall, we find that young women and men experience the transition to adulthood differently according to the structural and rural transformation classification of the countries where they live. Across all structural and rural transformation categories, young women are more likely to be married and living with their spouses or in-laws, less likely to be in school or employed, and less likely to own land solely. Gender gaps in secondary school education favour young women only in countries with higher levels of structural and rural transformation, and favour young men in the other three categories. Moreover, a larger proportion of young women than young men are not in education, employment, or training (NEET), but many NEET youth, especially young women, have transitioned into domestic and reproductive roles (i.e. are more likely to be married and/or have children.) Additionally, we review impact evaluations of interventions targeting youth. We find limited evidence on the gendered impacts of such programmes, and these programmes seldom consider how constraints differ for young men and young women. Addressing gaps in programmes and building an evidence base on the gendered impact of interventions can provide insights into how gender roles can simultaneously limit options and offer opportunities to young rural women and men in the context of structural and rural transformation.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Gender, rural youth and structural transformation: Evidence to inform innovative youth programming Полный текст
2019
myers emily | quisumbing agnes r. | http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5429-1857 quisumbing agnes | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7982-7454 pereira audrey | pereira audrey | http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3022-8298 heckert jessica | doss cheryl | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3599-5856 myers emily camille | heckert jessica
CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM) | Doss Cheryl et al., 'Gender, rural youth and structural transformation: Evidence to inform innovative youth programming', 2019 Rural Development Report Background Papers 44, IFPRI, 2019
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Gender, rural youth and structural transformation: Evidence to inform innovative youth programming Полный текст
2019
Doss, Cheryl; Heckert, Jessica; Myers, Emily; Pereira, Audrey; Quisumbing, Agnes R. | http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3022-8298 Heckert, Jessica; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3599-5856 Myers, Emily Camille; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7982-7454 Pereira, Audrey; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5429-1857 Quisumbing, Agnes
The transition to adulthood is marked by interrelated changes in the areas of education, employment and family formation. Using frameworks on gendered transitions to adulthood and links between assets and livelihoods, we analyse nationally representative, sex-disaggregated data from 42 countries to characterize rural youths’ transition to adulthood by gender and according to a four-category typology of low and high levels of structural and rural transformation. Overall, we find that young women and men experience the transition to adulthood differently according to the structural and rural transformation classification of the countries where they live. Across all structural and rural transformation categories, young women are more likely to be married and living with their spouses or in-laws, less likely to be in school or employed, and less likely to own land solely. Gender gaps in secondary school education favour young women only in countries with higher levels of structural and rural transformation, and favour young men in the other three categories. Moreover, a larger proportion of young women than young men are not in education, employment, or training (NEET), but many NEET youth, especially young women, have transitioned into domestic and reproductive roles (i.e. are more likely to be married and/or have children.) Additionally, we review impact evaluations of interventions targeting youth. We find limited evidence on the gendered impacts of such programmes, and these programmes seldom consider how constraints differ for young men and young women. Addressing gaps in programmes and building an evidence base on the gendered impact of interventions can provide insights into how gender roles can simultaneously limit options and offer opportunities to young rural women and men in the context of structural and rural transformation. | Non-PR | IFPRI5; CRP2; 5 Strengthening Institutions and Governance; G Cross-cutting gender theme; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural Economies | PHND; PIM | CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM)
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-][Some considerations on rural agroindustry commercialization]
1988
Bustamante Pena, W. (Centro de Experimentacion, Capacitacion y Tecnologia Agropecuaria, Santiago (Chile))
Senala que la complejidad del sector agricola, y en particular la agroindustria rural, dada las multiples relaciones que establece con otros sectores de la produccion y el consumo, hacen necesario definir un enfoque mas adecuado para enfrentar la tarea de la comercializacion de los productos que genera dicha agroindustria. Destaca el enfoque denominado hacia el mercado, el cual considera, de manera inmediata, la incorporacion de elementos de mercadeo en la fase de planificacion de un sistema de comercializacion eficaz y eficiente. Explica que para establecer dicha planificacion, es basico que la actividad agroindustrial, aun en su ambito rural, asuma una accion mas integral respecto a como enfrentar un proceso productivo y como enfrentar la actividad del mercado. Esta vision integral implicara, en primer lugar, caracterizar el mecanismo de transferencia de los productos hacia sus consumidores finales. En este marco destaca una serie de aspectos a considerar, tales como: la eleccion de los mercados para la agroindustria (institucionales, convencionales, internacionales, alternativos, de autoconsumo); la eleccion del producto, determinacion de precios y, canales de distribucion
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