Bu çalışma, üniversite öğrencilerinin/tüketicilerinin organik hayvansal ürünlere yönelik bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarını belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmaya 1389 üniversite öğrencisi dâhil edilmiştir. Verileri 15 Ekim 2023- 15 Ocak 2024 tarihleri arasında toplanmıştır. Analizde t testi, ANOVA ve Pearson Korelasyon testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda üniversite öğrencilerinin organik ürünler hakkında yeterli bilgiye sahip olmadıkları, ancak organik hayvansal ürünleri tükettiklerini belirttikleri tespit edilmiştir. Üniversite öğrencilerinin organik hayvansal ürünler hakkında bilgi edinme kaynakları arasında internet, sosyal medya, aile ve akrabalar öne çıkmaktadır. Ayrıca, öğrencilerin organik hayvansal ürünler arasında süt ve süt ürünleri ile kırmızı veya beyaz eti tercih ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu ürünleri genellikle memleketlerinden veya tanıdık üreticilerden temin ettikleri görülmüştür. Üniversite öğrencilerinin organik hayvansal ürünlere yönelik bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarının bazı değişkenlere göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde farklılaştığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Organik hayvansal ürünlere yönelik bilgileri ile tutumları arasında zayıf bir pozitif ilişki, tutum ile davranışları arasında ise pozitif yönde orta düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, üniversite öğrencileri organik hayvansal ürünlere yönelik bilgi, tutum ve davranışları hakkında önemli bilgiler sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca, Türkiye’de üniversite öğrencileri arasındaki organik hayvansal ürünlerin popülerliği ve tüketim alışkanlıkları hakkında kapsamlı bir anlayış sunmaktadır.

Insects, the most diverse group of animals, are known to benefit society for a sustainable future. By focusing on the use of natural enemies of pests, including parasitoids and predators, the need for biological pest control for the conservation of agricultural crops has been emphasized. Parasites are organisms that live in the body of another organism and feed on it without killing it, while predators hunt, kill and eat their prey. Parasitoids, on the other hand, live in or on another organism and feed on it, ultimately killing the host. Our study highlights the use of parasitoids to control pests in agriculture and describes the parasitoid lifestyle as an evolutionary transition between parasitism and predation. It also notes that parasitoid larvae typically require only one host to complete their development and can be used to control a wide range of pests. The aim of this study was to determine the origin of the parasitic life form of order Hymenpotera, the mechanisms revealed by the parasitic life form, the importance of life strategies, the types of parasitism and to evaluate the important insect groups belonging to the order Hymenoptera used in biological control.

Fish industry has significant importance all over the world because red meat is not enough to complete the protein requirements of growing population. Therefore, focus is now on those fish species production rate which are more suitable. In this study we focused on common carp which has important commercial value due to its size and tasty meat. Common carp is a fresh water fish and mostly found in rivers, ponds, dams and lakes. It is special due to its ability of adjustment in any aquatic habitat and sometimes beneficial also for other aquatic animals by releasing nutrients in habitat. Türkiye is a rich country in terms of rivers, dams and lakes. In this research, we described famous water reservoirs in Türkiye and in which regions higher amount of carp fish produced. It was focused on Central Anatolian Region of Türkiye which has large amount of water reservoirs. Geography Information System (GIS) based mapping and spatial analysis was used in this study to check the production rate of carp in Central Anatolian Region of Türkiye for long period from year 2000 to 2019. It was concluded from this study that highest average production rate of carp is obtained in Konya province (total: 11919,2 tons/2000-2019; average: 596 tons/20 year) which is west part of Anatolian region and lowest average production rate is found in the Niğde province (total: 163,5 tons/2000-2019; average: 8,2 tons/20 year) which is south part of the Central Anatolian Region.

Nanoteknoloji, yeni fonksiyonel özelliklere sahip yapılar, cihazlar ve sistemler geliştirmek üzere 1-100 nm aralığında büyüklüğü olan atomik, moleküler veya makromoleküllerin araştırma alanıdr. Nanoteknoloji, fizik, kimya, biyoloji, mühendislik ve sağlık dallarında novel fırsatları sunan, çağdaş devletler ve özel kuruluşlarca öncelikli araştırma alt yapılarının kurulumunda öncelik verilen bir disiplindir. Bu bilimdalı başta biyomedikal ve sağlık alanları olmak üzere, gıda, optik, elektronik, farmasötik, tıbbi görüntüleme teknikleri geliştirmekte sayısız fırsatlar sunmaktadır. Nanobiyoteknoloji ise, nanoteknoloji ve biyoteknoloji disiplinlerinin birleşimidir. Nanobiyoteknolojiden biyomedikal ve tıbbi olarak kanser ve nörodejeneratif hastalıkların tedavisinde akıllı ilaç tesliminde, aşı ve biyosensör geliştirmede, tıbbi görüntülemede, gen tedavisinde faydalanılmaktadır. Nano tabanlı yaklaşımlar, geleneksel biyoteknolojik yöntemleri iyileştirmek ve geleneksel tedavilerin neden olduğu yan etkileri sınırlandırmak için geliştirilmektedir. Bu sebeple, nanoteknolojinin farklı disiplinler ve alanlarda uygulanabilir olması sayesinde, nano tabanlı teknikler sürdürülebilir bir gelecek için önemli roller oynamakta ve Global ekonomiler üzerinde etkiler yaratmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, nano-biyoteknolojik yaklaşımların özellikle biyomedikal ve sağlık alanlarında uygulama fırsatları ve gelişim potansiyellerinin derlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Konuyla ilgili olarak, nanoteknoloji ve uygulama alanları, nanobiyoteknoloji ve gelişimi, Global nanobiyoteknoloji pazarı, nanobiyoteknolojilerin sınıflandırılması ile nanobiyoteknolojik araçlar ve uygulama alanları üzerinde durulmuştur.

This study presents research on modelling the efficiency and flow rate of deep well pumping facilities using the response surface method, evaluating the models, and assessing optimization based on target flow rate. Regression and variance analysis techniques have been successfully employed to evaluate the relationship between input factors (input pressure and power drawn from the grid) and responses (system efficiency and flow rate). ANOVA analysis has been used to examine the effects of linear and quadratic terms, and the results have shown that pressure and power drawn from the grid have a significant effect on pump system efficiency. Additionally, the performance of the regression models has been evaluated using error metrics such as R2 value, RMSE, and MAPE. These values for the pumping facility system efficiency model were found to be 0.9993, 0.292%, and 0.71%, respectively, and for the flow rate model, they were 0.9997, 0.69 m3h-1, and 1.07%. The results obtained demonstrate that the model operates with high accuracy and explains a large part of the variance in the response variables. An optimization study was conducted to maximize pump system efficiency by maintaining the flow rate at a certain target value. According to the experimental results obtained, the target flow rate was predicted with an error rate of 1.49%, and the pump system efficiency was predicted with an error rate of 2.14%. This study highlights the effective use of various analytical and experimental methods to improve the efficiency of pump systems. Future researchers are encouraged to conduct similar analyses on a larger scale and under different operating conditions. Furthermore, evaluating different optimization strategies to improve the energy efficiency of pump systems, which can lead to significant energy savings in industrial applications, is recommended.

Karbon noktalar (KN), boyutları 10 nm’den küçük, suda çözünme özelliği yüksek, biyo-uyumluluğu gelişmiş, geniş optik özelliklere ve düşük toksisiteye sahip, karbon nanomateryal sınıfının yeni bir üyesidir. KN, bahsi geçen özelliklerinin yanında; çevre dostu, kolay ve düşük maliyetli sentez yöntemleri, kolay uygulanabilirliği gibi sebeplerden dolayı gıda güvenliğini alanında erken tespit hususunda geleneksel analiz yöntemleri ve diğer floresan karbon nanomateryaller kullanılarak yapılan analizlere göre bir adım öndedir. Yapılan araştırmalar gıda güvenliği kapsamında yapılan analizlerde floresan KN kullanımının, analitlerin hassas ve yüksek seçicilikte tespit edilebildiğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu derlemede, KN gıda güvenliği kapsamında kalıntı ve kontaminantların tespitinde ve gıda ambalajında kullanılmasına yönelik araştırmalar incelenmiştir.

The aim of this study was to compare the type traits of primiparous Holstein-Friesian (HF) and Red-Holstein (RH) cows reared mixed in a private farm in Aydın province, Türkiye. In this study, 120 heads composed of HF and RH primiparous cows were used and the effects of breed, calving year (2023, 2024) and calving age (<26 mo and ≥26 mo) on type traits were also investigated. Five non-linear 100 score traits and 18 linear type traits were measured. The effect of breed on chest width (P<0.01), body condition score (P<0.01), rear legs set angle (P<0.01), hock structure (P<0.05), rear udder width (P<0.01), udder depth (P<0.01), central ligament (P<0.05), rear udder height (P<0.01), fore teat length (P<0.05) and mammary acuity (P<0.01) were found statistically significant and the overall mean scores for these traits were 5.32±0.13, 6.97±0.17, 4.83±0.09, 4.87±0.08, 5.04±0.09, 5.74±0.09, 4.73±0.04, 5.37±0.08, 8.35±0.08, 5.38±0.08 and 7.32±0.17, respectively. Also, the effect of calving year on body depth (P<0.01), udder depth (P<0.05) and rear teat placement (P<0.05) and the effect of calving age on chest width (P<0.05), rear legs set angle (P<0.05) and rear teat placement (P<0.05) were found statistically significant. For non-linear 100 scores, the breed effects on dairy strength (P<0.01), foot & legs (P<0.05), udder (P<0.01) and total score (P<0.01) were significant and the means were 82.30±0.17, 81.63±0.11, 83.98±0.09 and 83.03±0.07, respectively. As a result, the significant breed effect found in some type traits showed that HF and RH genotypes, which differ only in color genes, have been considered and reared as different breeds since the 1950’s, causing significant differences in some type traits of these two genotypes.

Nanoemulsions, characterized by droplet sizes below 100 nm, are increasingly recognized for their applications in dairy technology. They are typically created using high-energy or low-energy methods and enable the encapsulation of functional food ingredients within droplets or at the interface, thereby increasing nutrient bioavailability and physical stability. The demand for nanoemulsions is increasing due to their applications in functional beverages and foods. In dairy-based products such as yogurt, cheese, and ice cream, nanoemulsions play multiple roles by stabilizing them and providing health benefits. They increase the physical stability of milk-based products, extend their shelf life, and improve sensory properties. Nanoemulsions also act as carriers for bioactive compounds, vitamins, and flavors, enriching the nutritional profile and consumer appeal of dairy products. Research on nanoemulsions is advancing due to their superior properties such as improved solubility, enhanced nutrient absorption, and controlled release capabilities. They are used in functional milk drinks, fortified milks, and milk-based supplements, contributing to the physical stability of products and offering health and nutritional benefits. Dairy products can be enriched with various functional ingredients by adding nanoemulsions. This review focuses on nanoemulsion formation and applications of nanoemulsion technology applied to dairy products within the scope of innovative approaches in the dairy industry and includes studies and results on this subject.

In this study, the specific physicochemical, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties of 20 different rosehip marmalade samples, produced using traditional and commercial methods in the Gümüşhane province and its districts, were comprehensively analyzed. To detect the chemical composition of the rosehip marmalade samples, analyses were conducted for total dry matter, pH, ash, titratable acidity (malic acid %), soluble solids, water activity, and color (L*, a*, b*). Additionally, alongside the physicochemical analyses, the contents of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and sugars (fructose, glucose, sucrose, and total sugar) were also determined. To assess the antioxidant properties, analyses for total flavonoid content, total phenolic content, DPPH (% inhibition), and ABTS (% inhibition) were performed. Furthermore, the antibacterial activities of the rosehip marmalade samples against pathogenic bacterial strains such as Proteus vulgaris ATCC 29212, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 23566, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 35150 were investigated.

This study was conducted to evaluate university students’ chicken meat consumption preferences and their level of knowledge about chicken production. The survey was conducted with 61 structured online questionnaires using the Kobo-collect Tool Box. The questionnaires were administered online via student WhatsApp groups. Chicken breast meat was the most consumed with cubed meat being the most preferred. The expiration date was the main factor affecting chicken meat purchasing decisions, and the majority of the respondents did not have any preferred cooking method. Heavier meat (>1 kg) and fresh chicken meat were the most preferred with the highest chicken meat consumption of 1-3 times per week. Chicken meat consumption was highest at dinner and in the winter season with viral diseases being perceived as the most dangerous chicken diseases. The Coronavirus outbreak affected the chicken meat consumption of the majority of the respondents and most of them bought meat from reliable sale points. Most of the respondents could differentiate between slow and fast-growing broiler hybrids with Ross 308 being the most recognized commercial broiler hybrid by the respondents. It was concluded that chicken meat consumption was higher among the respondents however, agriculture students should be motivated to improve their knowledge about chicken production.