This study was conducted to determine best evaluation method for hunted roe deer. For the research purposes, trophy papers of 192 roe deer hunted in hunting ground Srpska Crnja in 2009 and 2010 were used. A comparison of of trophy mass and CIC trophy value was carried out, as well as a comparison of mass and the trophies volume and a comparison of these two variables with an average length of the antlers and values of the aesthetic elements in order to determine whether the weight of antlers is good indicator of the value of the trophy. Where it was possible, a comparison of the commercial trophy value under the old and new system was carried out, in order to determine whether the same trophy costs the same in both systems, or which system is economically advantageous for the hunter. The results showed that the mass of trophies in most cases is a good indicator of the trophy value in CIC points. Thus, during hunting, focus should be on assessing the volume of antlers, since between volume and other indicators of the value of antlers there are stronger and more pronounced correlation than between the mass and these indicators.

RASFF (Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed) is an international system, that provides the rapid information exchange between European Union countries towards risks about food and feed topics, takes the required precautions and thus aims to maintain the food and feed safety. The weekly reports sent by member countries, are presented on web site and the member countries are informed in case of a risk when the product is introduced in the market. The current work includes the notifications originated from our country that took place in rapid alert system reports between years 2009-2016. The data obtained from the system, were classified according to product and hazard groups and the product-hazard relations were evaluated for each year by taking the notification types into consideration. According to the assessments, the main problem about European Union exports of our country is the high aflatoxin level of the products. This problem is mainly observed in fruits-vegetables, nuts and seeds. Pesticide residues and pathogenic microorganisms are the other important hazard groups which cause problems for exports of our country. The results obtained from the current work are critically important for determination of the basic problems met in food export of our country and to capture attention to precautions which should be taken against those problems.

Yield and quality performances of 27 soybean cultivars were evaluated in two years field experiment between 2015 and 2016 at the Experimental Farm of Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde, located in the Central Anatolia Region. The field experiments were laid out in the randomized complete block design with three replications in each year. The main phenological stages of development such as time to emergence, flowering, time to pod formation and time to maturity were determined as calendar days. Plant height, the first pod height, numbers of branch, pod and seed per plant, number of seed per pod, 100-seed weight, protein content, oil content and seed yield per decar were determined as yield and quality parameters. The results of two-year study revealed that the soybean cultivars differed significantly for all characters studied under Nigde conditions. It was also observed that yield and quality performances of cultivars fluctuated in years. Average seed yield values of cultivars were ranged from 135.2 kg/da-1 (Inton-I. maturity group) to 295.8 kg/da-1 (Adasoy-IV maturity group) in 2015 and 2016. In two years mean, the cultivars Adasoy, Sa-88 and Nova were determined as the most promising genotypes for main crop production in Nigde conditions.

Water quality in surface waters is an important concern since it directly affects public health. Therefore, to provide adequate quality of water, monitoring studies have been conducted all around the world. In this study, multivariate statistical methods were used to understand the spatial and temporal changes in heavy metal concentration (including As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb, Zn) through Orontes River. Monitoring study results belonging to 5 different stations in Orontes River was obtained from State of Hydraulic Works and evaluated according to Box and Whisker plots, two-way PERMONAVA analysis and Mann-Kendall trend test. Results indicated that heavy metal concentrations has been increasing year by year. However, there is no significant spatial change in heavy metal concentration and rather homogenous distribution was observed through Orontes River. On the other hand, Iron (Fe) concentration in river was seasonal depended with no significant trend.

In spite of the low grain yield they produce, the hulled wheat have become even more important in recent years because of their resistance to negative environmental conditions and healthy nutritional content. The research was carry out in order to comparison the yield and yield characteristics of durum (Kiziltan-91 and C-1252), hulled (Einkorn and Emmer) and bread wheat (Tir) varieties in Isparta ecological conditions in 2013-14 and 2014-15 vegetation periods. In both years, the highest grain yield was obtained in Kiziltan-91 variety (3992 and 3758 kg ha-1 respectively). The grain yield of hulled wheats in the first year (Einkorn 1269 kg ha-1, Emmer 2125 kg ha-1) was around Turkey averages. However, grain yield decreased of commercial wheat varieties due to the negative effect of high amount of rainfall in June in the second year, but considerably increased in (Einkorn 2150 kg ha-1, Emmer 2533 kg ha-1). N uptake was found to be lower in the than durum wheats. In terms of grain protein content, the highest values were obtained in Emmer variety (16.4%-15.3%).

The aim of this study is to determine seasonally water quality characteristics irrigation ponds. Surface water samples were collected from three different sampling points in Yenice and Davutköy irrigation ponds (NW Turkey) for four different seasons. The parameters of dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, electrical conductivity, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, total hardness, chloride and sodium adsorption rate (SAR) were investigated for Yenice and Davutköy irrigation water quality. According the national and international water quality standards, physicochemical parameters were determined under permissible level. In addition, sampling ponds are located C1−S1 class of ABD salinity diagrams. This result means that salinity and sodium values of water are suitable for ecological system and can be using for irrigation. Furthermore, the microbial quality of irrigation water for the ponds were determined that rate of mesophyll and psychotropic bacteria are connected with temperature. It is detected that the term of low temperature is high level of psychotropic bacteria and the term of high temperature increase the number of mesophyll bacteria. Pearson correlation analysis between the results of the statistical psychotropic aerobic count and temperature significant was found a strong negative correlation (r= -0,635). Fecal pollution indicator as the number of E.coli stations in Davutköy pond in the summer sampling were determined 110 cfu/100ml and 50 cfu/100ml, respectively. E.coli was not detected other stations and sampling time. Finally, according to obtained analysis results are determined that water qualities for Yenice and Davutköy ponds are suitable for agriculture activities.

Modification processes can change the physicochemical and structural properties of native starch, thereby increasing its industrial applications. Finger millet starch (FMS) was modified with casava starch (CS), guar gum (GG) and xanthan gum (XG) modifiers at the ratios of 95:5%, 90:10%, 80:20% and 75: 25%, for each of the modifier. The proximate and mineral compositions of the modified starch were determined using standard methods. Atomic absorption spectrometry method was used to quantify the mineral contents of the modified starch. Proximate contents of the modified FMS starch varied according to the type of the modifier and FMS/modifier ratios. Concentrations of carbohydrate in CS (66.97±0.03%), GG (64.42±0.05%) and XG (64.64 ± 0.01%) FMS modified starches were highest at 10%, 25% and 5% of the modifier contents repectively. The highest levels of fat in GG (8.91±0.02%), XG (7.89±0.01) and ash (3.55±0.02%) in CS modified starches were recorded when the quantity of the modifiers were increased to 25%. Fatty acid levels in the modified starches varied in the order of XG (7.74±0.03%) at 20% > GG (7.13±0.02%) at 25% > CS (5.14±0.20%) at 10%. At 25% modifier contents, levels of mineral element were highest in the modified CS and GG starches. Modifications decreased Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Cu contents, while the concentrations Na, K, Ca and P increased. The modified starches can be used for production of some foods for specific health purposes.

This study was evaluated the quality properties of traditional drink sherbets that are prepared from black mulberry and blueberry fruits. After production sherbets were investigated to determine their pH, acidity, °brix and colour values, total sugar, phenolic, anthocyanin and antioxidant contents. Moreover the sherbets stored at 4°C during 2 months and the changes in these quality properties were examined per month. As a result statistically significant changes were observed in the quality properties of these sherbets of black mulberry and blueberry fruits which are known with their rich content of phytochemical compounds. The results show that in blueberry sherbet the degradation of phenolics was faster than black mulberry sherbet. Anthocyanins that are higher in black mulberry sherbets after production were preserved better in blueberry sherbets at the end of 2nd month. L*and a* values decreased for blackberry and blueberry sherbets during storage. b* value decreased from 5.59 to 4.92 for blackberry sherbet while it increased from 0.62 to 0.79 for blueberry sherbet at the end of the storage time.

In this study, physical, chemical and microbiological properties of 50 raw bulk milk samples obtained from 5 different dairy plants in the Sivas were investigated. The pH, acidity, fat, non-fat dry-matter, total dry matter contents and density of raw milk samples were 4.89-6.70, 0.135-0.495%, 1.7-7.6%, 7.33-9.80%, 10.00-16.90%, and 1.0230-1.0312 g/mL, respectively. Fat content of the 26%, specific gravity of 28%, total dry matter of 32%, solids-non-fat of 58%, pH value of 84% of the milk samples were found lower whereas titratable acidity of 60% of the samples were determined higher than the values stated in the Turkish Food Codex and in the Raw Milk Standard. Total coliform bacteria counts of 30%, total aerobic mesophilic bacteria counts of 88%, and somatic cell counts of 40% of the samples were higher than 1100 MPN/mL, 100000 cfu/mL and 500000 cell/mL, respectively. Yeast-mold counts of 72% of the milk samples were found between 104-106 cfu/mL.

In this research, annual changes of melatonin, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estrogen, testosterone and progesterone were studied on 6 heads of 1.5 years old female Angora goat. To determine hormones concentrations, blood samples were taken from jugular vein of each goat in every month for a year. The blood samples were centrifuged at 4000xg for 5 min. and serum was stored at -20°C until analyses time. Hormones analyses in the serum were performed by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) method. Monthly climatic values and photoperiod were obtained from the Turkish State Meteorological Service and temperature-humidity index was calculated with climatic values. In the study, in order to determine any possible differences in the observed hormones concentrations with respect to months, repeated measures ANOVA analysis was performed. As a result of statistical analysis, there were no significant differences among the months for gonadotropin-releasing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone and testosterone concentration, while significant differences were found among the months for melatonin, luteinizing hormone and progesterone, and estrogen concentration in female Angora goats. According the results of this study, could be concluded that the releases of reproductive hormones examined in female Angora goats was seasonally dependent.