Abstract The sustainability of organic production and the agroecological transition of farmers in the Chapada dos Veadeiros region was evaluated using the Environmental Impact Assessment System of Agricultural Technological Innovations (AMBITEC-AGRO). The evaluation process consisted of three stages: 1st survey and data collection, 2nd application of questionnaires and 3rd individual interviews. Data were entered into electronic spreadsheets, generating quantitative results of the impacts of activities carried out on rural properties. The indicators of the data obtained are organized in weighting matrices and automatically transformed into impact indices expressed graphically. These indexes resulted in the Percentage of Impact of Technologies - PIT, which characterizes the percentage gain of technology for each of the criteria of the environmental, economic and social dimensions of the productive units. For the environmental dimension, the PIT showed a reduction of -3.73%, where the general index of impact of the activity was 0.95 and after the transition to organic and/or agroecological production it went to 1.29, with a difference of 0.34. In the economic dimension, the PIT was 7.70%, the employment variable with 0.73 and income with 3.89 were the ones that most contributed to this percentage. In the social dimension, the PIT was 7.19%, the most prominent criteria being the consumer with an average of 3.74 and health with an average of 2.99. In this sense, the transition to organic and/or agroecological management, mainly due to the reduction of environmental impacts, provided greater sustainability for agricultural activities in the region.

The sustainability of organic production and the agroecological transition of farmers in the Chapada dos Veadeiros region was evaluated using the Environmental Impact Assessment System of Agricultural Technological Innovations (AMBITEC-AGRO). The evaluation process consisted of three stages: 1st survey and data collection, 2nd application of questionnaires and 3rd individual interviews. Data were entered into electronic spreadsheets, generating quantitative results of the impacts of activities carried out on rural properties. The indicators of the data obtained are organized in weighting matrices and automatically transformed into impact indices expressed graphically. These indexes resulted in the Percentage of Impact of Technologies - PIT, which characterizes the percentage gain of technology for each of the criteria of the environmental, economic and social dimensions of the productive units. For the environmental dimension, the PIT showed a reduction of -3.73%, where the general index of impact of the activity was 0.95 and after the transition to organic and/or agroecological production it went to 1.29, with a difference of 0.34. In the economic dimension, the PIT was 7.70%, the employment variable with 0.73 and income with 3.89 were the ones that most contributed to this percentage. In the social dimension, the PIT was 7.19%, the most prominent criteria being the consumer with an average of 3.74 and health with an average of 2.99. In this sense, the transition to organic and/or agroecological management, mainly due to the reduction of environmental impacts, provided greater sustainability for agricultural activities in the region.

Abstract Climate change significantly impacts farmers' decision-making regarding the supplementary irrigation of coffee cultivated in areas experiencing water deficits. The aim of this study was to analyze the production cost and profitability of Arabica coffee under different irrigation and rainfed regimes in the Brazilian Cerrado. Four scenarios were evaluated: I. scenario before significant climate events and the pandemic, II. scenario with the effects of pandemic and climate events, III. scenario with average national productivity and average productivity in irrigated areas, and IV. scenario of specialty coffees. In Scenario I, only the rainfed treatment did not demonstrate economic viability because it did not yield a positive net present value (NPV). Scenario II showed higher internal rate of return (IRR) than Scenario I. The national production and Cerrado scenarios proved viable under the evaluated price conditions and interest rates. The rainfed sector was highly attractive for the specialty grain scenario (IV) than for other scenarios. Productivity and the amount paid per bag of coffee were identified as the variables that had the most significant impact on the IRR of the coffee crop. Therefore, economic and technical analyses should be conducted before investing in coffee farming to ensure the success of each production system.

Climate change significantly impacts farmers’ decision-making regarding the supplementary irrigation of coffee cultivated in areas experiencing water deficits. The aim of this study was to analyze the production cost and profitability of Arabica coffee under different irrigation and rainfed regimes in the Brazilian Cerrado. Four scenarios were evaluated: I. scenario before significant climate events and the pandemic, II. scenario with the effects of pandemic and climate events, III. scenario with average national productivity and average productivity in irrigated areas, and IV. scenario of specialty coffees. In Scenario I, only the rainfed treatment did not demonstrate economic viability because it did not yield a positive net present value (NPV). Scenario II showed higher internal rate of return (IRR) than Scenario I. The national production and Cerrado scenarios proved viable under the evaluated price conditions and interest rates. The rainfed sector was highly attractive for the specialty grain scenario (IV) than for other scenarios. Productivity and the amount paid per bag of coffee were identified as the variables that had the most significant impact on the IRR of the coffee crop. Therefore, economic and technical analyses should be conducted before investing in coffee farming to ensure the success of each production system. | Título em português: Viabilidade econômica do café irrigado com diferentes regimes hídricos no Cerrado.

Abstract Debates about the effects of covid-19 on the dynamics of food systems abounded in the last years. Initial analyses projected major changes in these dynamics due to, among other things, the digitisation of markets. Based on data collected between 2020 e 2023 by means of direct observations and 64 semi-structured interviews with farmers, rural extensionists, public officials, and community leaders in the scope of a multi-case study, and in dialogue with the sociological literature on institutional change and social construction of markets, this article analyses grassroots initiatives of market digitisation in two regions (Litoral Norte and Médio-Alto Uruguai) of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Findings suggest that the pandemic promoted a barred window of opportunity for social movements’ initiatives of alternative food markets. By the end of 2023, half a year after the World Health Organization declared “with great hope” an end to covid-19, it did not seem to be much hope for these initiatives. This is because neither the pandemic proved to be a “critical juncture” that opened the space for significant institutional changes, nor the challenging actors in the field were able to become “institutional entrepreneurs” of these changes.

Debates about the effects of covid-19 on the dynamics of food systems abounded in the last years. Initial analyses projected major changes in these dynamics due to, among other things, the digitisation of markets. Based on data collected between 2020 e 2023 by means of direct observations and 64 semi-structured interviews with farmers, rural extensionists, public officials, and community leaders in the scope of a multi-case study, and in dialogue with the sociological literature on institutional change and social construction of markets, this article analyses grassroots initiatives of market digitisation in two regions (Litoral Norte and Médio-Alto Uruguai) of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Findings suggest that the pandemic promoted a barred window of opportunity for social movements' initiatives of alternative food markets. By the end of 2023, half a year after the World Health Organization declared “with great hope” an end to covid-19, it did not seem to be much hope for these initiatives. This is because neither the pandemic proved to be a “critical juncture” that opened the space for significant institutional changes, nor the challenging actors in the field were able to become “institutional entrepreneurs” of these changes.

Resumo Este estudo foi realizado na bacia leiteira do município de Juína, Mato Grosso, Brasil, com área aproximada de 300 mil ha, 216 produtores que, segundo dados do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE, produziu 10,5 milhões de litros de leite, em 2019. O objetivo é regionalizar e caracterizar esta bacia leiteira. Para tanto, 60 produtores foram entrevistados com aplicação de questionário. Os dados coletados foram compilados e organizados em gráficos, textos e mapas produzidos no software QGIS. A análise desses dados permitiu regionalizar a bacia em seis Zonas Produtivas, apoiada na aglutinação pretérita dos produtores. Evidenciou-se as disparidades entre essas zonas, tanto no que tange à produção, quanto no que diz respeito aos índices de produtividade. Diante do aspecto de maior preocupação levantado identificou-se: baixa produtividade, fruto de um quadro que envolve a precária situação das pastagens; falta de suplementação alimentar; baixo padrão genético do rebanho; e principalmente, falta de assistência técnica. Faz-se necessária intervenção das agências de fomento públicas e privadas a esse tipo de atividade de forma urgente e efetiva. Assim, esta pesquisa poderá subsidiar intervenções e apoiar o desenvolvimento e sustentabilidade da bacia leiteira, servindo como arcabouço científico à tomada de decisões.

Resumo: Este estudo foi realizado na bacia leiteira do município de Juína, Mato Grosso, Brasil, com área aproximada de 300 mil ha, 216 produtores que, segundo dados do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE, produziu 10,5 milhões de litros de leite, em 2019. O objetivo é regionalizar e caracterizar esta bacia leiteira. Para tanto, 60 produtores foram entrevistados com aplicação de questionário. Os dados coletados foram compilados e organizados em gráficos, textos e mapas produzidos no software QGIS. A análise desses dados permitiu regionalizar a bacia em seis Zonas Produtivas, apoiada na aglutinação pretérita dos produtores. Evidenciou-se as disparidades entre essas zonas, tanto no que tange à produção, quanto no que diz respeito aos índices de produtividade. Diante do aspecto de maior preocupação levantado identificou-se: baixa produtividade, fruto de um quadro que envolve a precária situação das pastagens; falta de suplementação alimentar; baixo padrão genético do rebanho; e principalmente, falta de assistência técnica. Faz-se necessária intervenção das agências de fomento públicas e privadas a esse tipo de atividade de forma urgente e efetiva. Assim, esta pesquisa poderá subsidiar intervenções e apoiar o desenvolvimento e sustentabilidade da bacia leiteira, servindo como arcabouço científico à tomada de decisões.