The project purpose is to increase the benefits from past DFID funded research into Water for Food Production, (KAR Theme W5) by collaborative development of targeted training and dissemination materials. The project is divided into two phases. In the first phase the project team has reviewed the extent of sustained uptake of past DFID W5 research outputs both in the institutions represented in the team (universities) and in the various government and private sector agencies active in the management of water for food. This Inception Report presents the findings of that review and their implications for the second phase of the project. It recommends some changes to the scope of the second phase which should bring about better dissemination and uptake of past work. It therefore marks the end of the first phase of the project and represents the first project output.

Les eaux utilisées dans les industries alimentaires et intervenant d'une façon ou d'une autre dans la production ou la commercialisation des substances destinées à la consommation humaine sont considérées juridiquement comme des eaux destinées à la consommation humaine. Selon que l'entreprise alimentaire est raccordée à un réseau public ou qu'elle fait appel de façon autonome à une ressource en eau, les procédures applicables diffèrent mais les obligations sanitaires finales sont les mêmeselles doivent respecter les dispositions du décret n° 89-3 du 3 janvier 1989 modifié pris en application notamment de la directive 80/778/CEE du 15 juillet 1980. La publication de la directive 98/83/CE du 3 novembre 1998 conduit à la préparation d'un décret qui reprend les principes précédents mais qui définira de nouvelles limites de qualité et complètera les conditions de suivi de la qualité et la gestion des cas de non-conformité

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi o de verificar a presença de células endócrinas nos intestinos médio e posterior, ou reto, e nos cecos pilóricos de três espécies tropicais de peixes Teleostei de água doce com hábitos alimentares diferentes: piracanjuba, (Brycon orbignyanus) e piau (Leporinus friderici), onívoro; e surubim (Pseudoplatystoma coruscans), carnívoro. Para tanto, foram utilizados sete exemplares da piracanjuba, com médias de peso e comprimento-padrão de 410,16 ± 66,33 g e 27,42 ± 1,17 cm, respectivamente, 13 exemplares de piau com médias de 77,71 ± 24,31 g e 14,84 ± 1,56 cm de peso e comprimento-padrão, respectivamente; e cinco exemplares do surubim com médias de peso e comprimento-padrão de 309,91 ± 94,23 g e 32,70 ± 1,79 cm, respectivamente. Pode-se constatar a presença de células endócrinas do "tipo aberto" nos segmentos referentes aos intestinos médio e posterior das espécies onívoras e do "tipo fechado" no intestino médio e no reto da espécie carnívora. As células argirófilas foram observadas entre as células absortivas do epitélio intestinal. Os resultados permitem concluir que a presença de células endócrinas nas espécies estudadas pode indicar que estas atuam no mecanismo de controle da absorção dos nutrientes do alimento. | The objective of this work was to verify the presence of endocrine cellules in the medium and posterior intestines, or rectum, and in the piloric cecum in three tropical freshwater Teleostei species with different feeding habits: piracanjuba, (Brycon orbignyanus) and piau (Leporinus friderici) omnivorous; and surubim (Pseudoplatystoma coruscans), carnivore. Seven exemplars of piracanjuba, with average weight and standard length of 410.16 ± 66.33 g and 27.42 ± 1.17 cm, respectively, 13 exemplars of piau with average weight and standard length of 77.71 ± 24.31 g and 14.84 ± 1.56 cm, respectively; and five exemplars of surubim with average weight and standard length of 309.91 ± 94.23 g and 32.70 ± 1.79 cm, respectively, were used. The presence of endocrine cellules like "open" was verified on the segments related to the medium and posterior intestines omnivores species and like "closed" in the medium intestine and in the rectum of the carnivore specie. The argirofiles cellules were observed among the as absortive cellules of intestinal epithelium. The results showed that the presence of endocrine cellules can indicate that the studied species act in the absorption control mechanism of food nutrients. However, due to the obtained amounts, more studies are necessary to elucidate this control.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi o de verificar a presença de células endócrinas nos intestinos médio e posterior, ou reto, e nos cecos pilóricos de três espécies tropicais de peixes Teleostei de água doce com hábitos alimentares diferentes: piracanjuba, (Brycon orbignyanus) e piau (Leporinus friderici), onívoro; e surubim (Pseudoplatystoma coruscans), carnívoro. Para tanto, foram utilizados sete exemplares da piracanjuba, com médias de peso e comprimento-padrão de 410,16 ± 66,33 g e 27,42 ± 1,17 cm, respectivamente, 13 exemplares de piau com médias de 77,71 ± 24,31 g e 14,84 ± 1,56 cm de peso e comprimento-padrão, respectivamente; e cinco exemplares do surubim com médias de peso e comprimento-padrão de 309,91 ± 94,23 g e 32,70 ± 1,79 cm, respectivamente. Pode-se constatar a presença de células endócrinas do "tipo aberto" nos segmentos referentes aos intestinos médio e posterior das espécies onívoras e do "tipo fechado" no intestino médio e no reto da espécie carnívora. As células argirófilas foram observadas entre as células absortivas do epitélio intestinal. Os resultados permitem concluir que a presença de células endócrinas nas espécies estudadas pode indicar que estas atuam no mecanismo de controle da absorção dos nutrientes do alimento.

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The effects of several food items on larvae production and survival ofthe mysid Mysidopsis almyra were compared. A total of sixdiets were used. The diets were: 1) phytoplankton (Isochrysisgalbana), 2) an artificial diet (Liqualife®, Cargill,Minneapolis, MN), 3) a mixed diet composed of both zooplankton (mostlycopepods)and phytoplankton, 4) 750 mg g−1 of HUFA enrichedArtemia nauplii and 250 mgg−1 of the artificial diet, 5) newly hatchedArtemia nauplii (24-hour incubation at 28°C) and 6) newly hatched Artemia naupliienriched with HUFA (SELCO®, INVE Inc., Ghent, Belgium) for 12 hours. Mysidsfed HUFA enriched Artemia nauplii (diet 6) had the highestproduction and survival rates, although not significant (P > 0.05), comparedto diets 3, 4 and 5, while the phytoplankton and the artificial diet hadsignificantly lower production and survival rates (p > 0.05). | Sí