The purpose of the article is to consider the institutional foundations of the rational use of agricultural land in a multicultural economy. The formation of land use is faced with the acute problem of organizing a sustainable competitive land use, ensuring a high level of marketability of production and a sufficient level of profitability in conditions of the developing land market. This article discusses the rational use of agricultural land in a multicultural economy, taking into account structural and resource indicators. The efficiency of land use in farms with different land ownership depends on increasing labour productivity, strengthening the economic regime, increasing the intensification of production, using internal reserves and agricultural production opportunities, and, especially, rational use of land. The greatest efficiency of production and use of land has been achieved in large agricultural formations, where high-performance equipment is used, crop rotations are observed, and there is greater availability of credit resources, subsidies, and leasing. The monitoring data of the Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan on Statistics for 1.01.2020 indicate that 93.7% of peasant farms have a land area of up to 500 hectares. To the greatest extent, small-earth peasant farms have become widespread in the southern region, where the share in the total number of up to 50 hectares is 90.1%, while in the northern region only 8.1%, central — 3.9%, and western — 11.3%. In this regard, the tasks of preserving productive agricultural lands, and optimizing arable land and acreage in terms of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of land become a priority. The solution to these tasks is connected with the improvement of technologies for maintaining and increasing the bio-productivity of agricultural lands, the development of technologies for rational land management, land use, and land protection, the creation of effective organizational and legal mechanisms for managing agricultural lands, as well as the development of state monitoring of agricultural lands. Optimization of land use in farms and agricultural enterprises of based on the proposed methodology, taking into account state support measures, will create a basis for a new stage in the development of land reform and will create incentives for the effective use of agricultural land.

Recently, the opinion has been expressed that the phasing of the processes of preparation of territorial planning documents, depending on the institution that administers it, hinders the processes of preparation of territorial planning documents by established procedural actions. The aim of the article is to evaluate the impact of the efficiency of the administration of territorial planning processes on the development of territories. The object of the research is the complex and special territorial planning documents prepared in the territory of Pagėgiai municipality. Pagėgiai municipality was chosen because the preparation of planning documents in the municipality has slowed down recently, therefore it is important to assess the efficiency of administration of the prepared territorial planning document processes, possible impact on further territorial development, and provide recommendations to ensure more efficient and faster territorial development. During the research, it was established that during the period between the years 2010–2020 only 1 state-level territorial planning document was registered in the territory of Pagėgiai municipality (i.e. 0.69% of those registered in the Republic of Lithuania and 14.29% in Tauragė County). 7 (i.e. 0.52% of those registered in the Republic of Lithuania and 18.42% of those registered in Tauragė County) were registered in the municipality at the municipal level. Territorial planning documents were registered at the local level (i.e. 0.22% of those registered in the Republic of Lithuania and 5.4% in Tauragė County). The analysis of the processes of the prepared planning documents and the interviews of experts revealed that the planning procedures performed by the administering authorities are inefficient: not all the administering authorities consistently carry out the assigned procedures, delay or evaluating the planned decisions within the legal deadline. According to experts, the reason for the inefficient performance of procedures is the lack of human resources in the administering institutions or their inadequate competence. As a result, the improperly performed procedures of territorial planning documents have a negative impact on the planned territory, slow down its development, or the most suitable possible development direction of the planned territory has not been assessed. After performing a multi-criteria analysis of the prepared territorial planning documents, it was established that in the period under review, the most effective document of complex territorial planning was prepared in the territory of Pagėgiai municipality — “Adjustment of the detailed plan of the prepared territory in Vilniaus st. 16 A, Pagėgiai”. The rating indicator was 0.0806. The document of complex territorial planning “Adjustment of Pagėgiai city comprehensive plan” stood out with the lowest efficiency, the rating indicator was — 0.0676.