Alkaloids of the plant family Proteaceae
1980
Ralph, I. | Bick, C.
Until recently, alkaloids were not known to occur in the Proteaceae, a family largely confined to the southern hemisphere, and particularly well represented in southern Agrica and Australia. The first proteaceous alkaloid to be isolated, bellendine, was obtained from the Tasmanian Bellendena montana and proved to have the novel pyranotropane structure I. Other alkaloids of this type occur in the Queensland species Darlingia darlingiana and D. ferruginea and the New Caledonian plant Knightia strobilina. Over 40 alkaloids have now been isolated from these and related proteaceous species; other structural types include tropanes of standard pattern as well as ones with some unusual features, such as the 6, 7-tropene II from the Tasmanian plant Agastachys odorata and the 1-benzyltropane III from the New Caledonian K. deplanchei. On the other hand, D. darlingiana contains predominently pyrrolidine alkaloids such as darlingianine IV. The possible mode of biogenesis of these alkaloids from ornithine and units of acetic and other simple plant acids available as primary metabolites will be discussed.
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