Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata, Walp), as potential substitute for soybean oil meal in broiler diet [Philippines]
1986
Millamena, A.A.
Matured cowpea seeds, either cooked or raw, have about the same values for proximate composition, amino acid spectrum, calcium and phosphorus, trace elements (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn), urease activity and metabolizable energy. Cowpea has higher metabolizable energy than soybean oil meal, but the latter has higher crude protein, amino acids and mineral content. Urease content is low in cowpea and that cooking is unnecessary for its utilization. The coefficients of apparent ME and crude protein are generally improved when cowpea is offered in combination with other feed ingredients, or in the complete broiler diet. The general performance of broilers in terms of feed consumption, body weight, feed and protein efficiencies fed the cowpea substituted diet is about the same if not better than those offered a diet without cowpea or all soybean oil meal protein diet (control). The values obtained for these parameters are much better compared to the performance of the same strain of commercial broiler hybrids fed the commercial broiler starter mash. There was no significant differences observed among treatment means on these parameters at 5% level of probability. Similarly, no significant interactions were observed between processing methods (raw vs cooked), or among substitution levels of cowpea (0, 25, 50, 75, 100%) and feeding management (0-49 days or 15-49 days). There was no significant differences on the dressing percentage and on weights of gizzard, liver and pancreas of broilers fed the cowpea diets. Under the conditions of the present study, cowpea either cooked or raw, can substitute for soybean oil meal up to 100% in broiler diet
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