Structure, structural stability and natural restructuring of lowland rice soils
1985
Saito, M.
Soils under rice cultivation had distinct physical and chemical properties and morphologies. The structure of plowed layers of artificial hydromorphic soils underwent repeated dynamic changes with alternate flooding and draining. Soil aggregates were destroyed and soil flocculates when cementing agents become flocculating agents under reducing conditions. Alternate flooding and draining reduced ped development in plowed layers. Typical peds were massive and blocky after drainage and massive under flooding. The aggregate content of these soils was thought to be an index of the strength of interparticle bonds. Rice cultivation resctured the subsoil and forms a distinct plowpan with illuviated Fe and Mn oxides and dense, blocky or prismatic peds in horizons below the plowpan
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