Storage fungi associated with rice and corn in the Philippines and their control using fungicides
1987
Garcia, R.P. (Philippines Univ., Los Banos, College, Laguna (Philippines). National Crop Protection Center)
Of the 102 Aspergillus isolates analysed for aflatoxin, 17 isolates were positive for aflatoxin B1 and only 6 isolates produced both aflatoxin B1 and G1. Sixty-seven Penicillium isolates were screened and found negative for ochratoxin. Since Aspergillus spp., followed by Penicillium spp. were the most frequently isolated organisms in various varieties of rice and corn seeds, attention was focused on their immediate control through chemical means. Two fungicides (Benomyl and Captan) at five concentration levels each were evaluated in the laboratory for their efficacy against these two fungal genera. Three isolates each of A. flavus and Penicillium spp. were inoculated in Czapek's and Czapek yeast autolysate agar infused with 0, 1, 2, 5 and 10 ppm of Benomyl, respectively. The mycelial growth of Aspergillus and Penicillium isolates was inhibited in agar infused with 1, 2, 5 and 10 ppm of Benomyl. Conidial germination of all the isolates was generally suppressed by 5 and 10 ppm Benomyl. Captan inhibited the Aspergillus and Penicillium isolates' growth at 50 and 100 ppm, respectively. No sporulation and conidial germination of all Aspergillus and Penicillium isolates were observed in the medium treated with 100, 150 and 200 ppm of Captan. The degree of inhibition progressed with increasing amounts of fungicides.
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