Preventing the entry of seedborne pathogens into Malaysia
1987
Kang, S.M. (Department of Agriculture, Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia). Plant Quarantine Services)
Seedborne pathogens refer to those plant pathogenic organisms that are carried by the seed as surface contaminants and internally as systemic infections. Out of 140 plant pathogens prohibited from entry into Malaysia under the Plant Quarantine Regulations 1981, 35 are known to be seedborne. These are represented by 19 species of fungi, 11 viruses, three species of bacteria and two species of nematodes. Other seedborne pathogens of quarantine significance are subject to varying degree of entry restriction the nature of which is determined on application for import of the seed concerned. Exclusion of seedborne pathogens in seeds imported for research is attained by implementing normal quarantine measures including growing season inspection, laboratory tests, treatment, intermediate quarantine and post entry screening. However, implementation problems are encountered by the Malaysian enforcement agency as well as the exporting country when these measures are imposed for seeds in trade or for seeds imported in bulk for commercial scale planting. Suggested solutions to problems in preventing the international dissemination of seedborne pathogens of quarantine importance through seed trade is discussed.
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