Genetic variation in seed architectural traits and their association with seed quality and yield in rice
1989
Pandey, M.P. | Seshu, D.V. (International Rice Research Inst., Los Banos, Laguna (Philippines). International Rice Testing Program)
Seedling vigour and mature plant characteristics were estimated in three ecogeographic groups of rice (Oryza sativa L.) comprising of 117 entries under controlled (Phytotron) and field conditions in 1988 DS [dry season]. Seed architectural and vigour traits were estimated in the laboratory in fresh seeds. Genotypic variances within each of the three groups were highly significant for all traits. Between group variations in expression of various characters was observed under both growing conditions. In the Phytotron, indicas expressed the lowest mean (0.026 g) but higher genetic coefficient of variation (%) and heritability (%) for embryo weight (23.57, 94.88), endosperm weight (22.30, 95.81), embryo/endosperm weight ratio (EER) (38.71, 89.36) and 1000-seed weight (21.76, 96.55). Japonicas exhibited the highest mean embryo weight (0.036 g) and EER (0.003). In the indicas, embryo weight correlated positively with endosperm weight, seedling height, seedling dry matter, seedling leaf extention rate, total seedling leaf area, plant height, harvest index, 100-seed weight and yield and negatively with seedling tiller number. Embryo weight in japonicas showed positive correlation with endosperm weight and EER and negative correlation with percent germination, days to flowering and at seedling stage with height, leaf extension index, total leaf area, dry weight/leaf area ratio, leaf number and top dry weight. Embryo weight was positively correlated with EER and negatively with panicle number in javanicas. Study suggested that the large embryo weight indica group can be used in breeding program for selecting genotypes with improved seed quality and yield.
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