[Sequence corn-winter grassland to intensify the use of soil and forage production in the south-central zone]
1990
Concha W, Gonzalo
The research aimed at studying some alternatives of intensive soil use through the sequence forage crops corn-winter grassland in a farming period. The species used were corn (Zea mays) and the mixture oats-rye grass as a supplementary winter grassland, Avena sativa cv. Nehuen and Italian rye grass (Lolium multiflorum) cv. Tamma. Material of different degrees of precocity was used in the case of corn. An experimental design completely at random was used, followed by an analysis of the information in factorial arrangements of 3*2*2. The factors considered were precocity (3) nitrogen dosis in corn (2) and as a subtreatment to complementary fertilization in the mixture oats-rye grass with four repetitions. The most relevant conclusions were: 1. Precocity was highly related to the total yield of corn. The intermediate hybrids had the highest production concerning early and late corn. 2. Both crops, corn and the mixture oats-rye grass, being gramineous species, must be fertilized necessarily with a high dose of nitrogen in order to obtain good yields. 3. Corn makes very good use of nitrogen: a) in the case of spring fertilization the highest yield was obtained with the application of 225 kg N/ha, b) in the case of the residue effect of nitrogen applied in spring, it had no effect on the growth of the mixture oats-rye grass due to the efficient use of the previous crop (corn). The mixture oats-rye grass, although it followed a corn crop with a nitrogen fertilization of 113 and 225 kg N/ha, had to be fertilized in the same way in order to obtain reasonable yields. 4. The sequence corn-winter grassland is feasible and it permits to make an intensive use of soil in a farming period depending on the precocity of corn and adequate nitrogen fertilization of both crops
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