Agricultural growth, landlessness, off-farm employment, and rural poverty in the Philippines
1991
Balisacan, A.M. (Philippines Univ., Diliman, Quezon City (Philippines))
It has become common to associate rapid agricultural growth in less-developed countries, with poverty reduction and equally rapid overall economic growth. The paper shows that rapid agricultural growth, as demonstrated by the Philippine experience in the 1960s and 1970s, is not sufficient to pull the rural poor out of poverty as well as to sustain a rapid overall growth. Economic structure and the economic environment in the non agricultural sector must likewise have to be conducive to a rapid growth of more productive employment opportunities for the fast growing labor force. The paper also provides a consistent set of poverty estimates which are used to reinterpret (or question) a number of common place claims in the Philippine development literature concerning the association between economic growth, income distribution, and poverty as well as the characteristics of the rural poor.
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