Screening of anaerobic lignocellulolytic microorganisms
1987
Panida Vongkiatkachorn
Three hundred soil samples, collected from the fields for the cultivation of corn, sugar cane, rice, sorghum, and grasses within Kasetsart University, Kamphaengsaen Campus, nakornpathom Province were tested for anaerobic organisms capable of digesting cellulose. It was found that 297 of these samples had cellulolytic activity and digested cellulose to methane. However, only 50 soil samples were satisfactory. They degraded cellulose at different extent. To screen for lignocellulolytic organisms these 50 soil samples were tested on the digestion of rice straw and the most active ones from each field were maintained as the source of anaerobic lignocellulolytic bacteria. Three cultures of lignocellulolytic bacteria, encoded as SC 8.5; SC 8.7, and SC 8.9, were isolated from sugar cane (SC) soil samples by the roll tube method of Hungate (1969). All these bacteria were Gram positive, subterminal endospore formers. They could digest ball-mill rice straw at optimum temperature of 42 deg. C. and at pH 8. They seemed to be able to liberate lignin as 1.53, 1.60, and 1.67 % APPL were detected from the digestion of ball-milled rice straw respectively by SC 8.5; SC 8.7, and SC 8.9. Hence, these three cultures were not different in liberating lignin from rice straw so SC 8.9 only was further tested for lignin loss from the plant tissue in correlation with APPL formation. It was then observed that this culture removed about 6.38 % of lignin and liberated 5.94 % APPL
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