Leucocyte adhesion deficiency in cattle and dogs: a genetic defect of the immune system
1993
Cox, E. | Goddeeris, B. (Rijksuniversiteit Gent (Belgium). Faculteit Diergeeneeskunde) | Kuczka, A. | Tammen, I. | Schwenger, B. | Bonte, P.
The present knowledge about the bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD) is reviewed and the first case of this disease in Belgium is reported. The disease was first described in 1983, but only in 1990 the etiology was discovered. The disease is the result of a genetic defect causing an insufficient expression of beta2-integrins on the cell membrane of leukocytes. These molecules regulate the diapedesis of neutrophils out of the blood vessels into the tissues, in particular inflammed tissues. Homozygous BLAD positive calves therefore have an inadequate resistance against infections. The etiology, pathogenesis, prevalence, clinical aspects, pathology, diagnostics and preventive measures are described. A brief comparison is made with similar defects namely the canine leucocyte adhesion deficiency or CLAD in dogs and the leucocyte adhesion deficiency or LAD in man.
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