[Efficiency in phosphorous utilization in mutant lines of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)]
1992
Carrasco G, Basilio Alejandro
15 promissory mutants and 5 spring wheat cultivars were tested for the utilization and absorption of phosphorus in a nutrient solution. Phosphorus was added in the form of KH2PO4 in a 6 ppm dose. The experiment was a randomized complete blocks design, with 3 replications under controlled environment. The number of roots, their maximum length, the number of leaves and clusters, dry matter in aerial part, roots and the total of plants were measured after 26 days being transplanted to test tubes. Great variability of mutants was observed for the evaluated characters. Several genotypes were more efficient in the phosphorus utilization. The mutants M-493 (752,2 grMS/mgP), M-378 (525,4 grMS/mgP) and M-309 (514,2 grMS/mgP), among the controls, Paleta cv (662,6 grMS/mgP) was significantly more efficient than the other genotypes. The selection for this character might produce better adapted genotypes to soils with phosphorus deficiency. The utilization efficiency was significantly correlated to the roots number (0,44), roots weight, number of clusters (0,43) and total dry matter (0,75), aerial dry matter (0,68) and root dry matter (0,67). The utilization efficiency was also significant to phosphorus levels in total dry matter (-0,51), aerial part (-0,42) and roots (-0,28). It was possible to find a great mutant variability for the phosphorus absorption. The more efficient mutants in phosphorus utilization (M-493, M-378 and M-309) were slow in phosphorus absorption (24-26 days). Phosphorus levels in seeds have no significant relation with the dry matter production and utilization efficiency. This would indicate that it could not be used as a complementary selection method to select genotypes adapted to phosphorus stress conditions
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